Professor Lloyd Llewellyn-Jones

So we mustn't imagine them just sort of rushing into close combat to their deaths in huge droves.

Yeah, absolutely. But I mean, more than that, I think a lot of Greeks recognize that the Persians had a lot to offer them, you know, in terms of employment, in terms of rewards, there was absolutely an understanding. If you did the king a solid, then he would repay you in kind.

Yeah, absolutely. But I mean, more than that, I think a lot of Greeks recognize that the Persians had a lot to offer them, you know, in terms of employment, in terms of rewards, there was absolutely an understanding. If you did the king a solid, then he would repay you in kind.

Yeah, absolutely. But I mean, more than that, I think a lot of Greeks recognize that the Persians had a lot to offer them, you know, in terms of employment, in terms of rewards, there was absolutely an understanding. If you did the king a solid, then he would repay you in kind.

And that's something that, you know, is very much propagated by the Persians themselves, their generosity, their reciprocity, their understanding that, you know, good deeds earn rewards and bad deeds earn punishment.

And that's something that, you know, is very much propagated by the Persians themselves, their generosity, their reciprocity, their understanding that, you know, good deeds earn rewards and bad deeds earn punishment.

And that's something that, you know, is very much propagated by the Persians themselves, their generosity, their reciprocity, their understanding that, you know, good deeds earn rewards and bad deeds earn punishment.

Absolutely. And so, you know, these local people obviously wanted that army gone, no doubt. They don't want to be a battlefield. Nobody wants to be a battlefield in the ancient times. But also, you know, it just makes obvious sense not to kind of try and see if the Phocians will help you in any way, like see if local populations might be able to offer you something similar.

Absolutely. And so, you know, these local people obviously wanted that army gone, no doubt. They don't want to be a battlefield. Nobody wants to be a battlefield in the ancient times. But also, you know, it just makes obvious sense not to kind of try and see if the Phocians will help you in any way, like see if local populations might be able to offer you something similar.

Absolutely. And so, you know, these local people obviously wanted that army gone, no doubt. They don't want to be a battlefield. Nobody wants to be a battlefield in the ancient times. But also, you know, it just makes obvious sense not to kind of try and see if the Phocians will help you in any way, like see if local populations might be able to offer you something similar.

You just go to the richest person near you and say, like, how can I help? But so somebody died for this, right? The story that we're told is that the Spartans invested some money to have this Ephialtes assassinated. So there was apparently someone who was accused of giving away the tale to the Persians.

You just go to the richest person near you and say, like, how can I help? But so somebody died for this, right? The story that we're told is that the Spartans invested some money to have this Ephialtes assassinated. So there was apparently someone who was accused of giving away the tale to the Persians.

You just go to the richest person near you and say, like, how can I help? But so somebody died for this, right? The story that we're told is that the Spartans invested some money to have this Ephialtes assassinated. So there was apparently someone who was accused of giving away the tale to the Persians.

But to my mind, it's completely unnecessary, this story, because as I said, you know, they could have asked any local population they had already subjected who is now serving in their army for the information that they needed.

But to my mind, it's completely unnecessary, this story, because as I said, you know, they could have asked any local population they had already subjected who is now serving in their army for the information that they needed.

But to my mind, it's completely unnecessary, this story, because as I said, you know, they could have asked any local population they had already subjected who is now serving in their army for the information that they needed.

Yeah, so the story that we get from Herodotus is that this was really quite horrific, like what happened to the peoples who were directly behind the pass, who had resisted. So he marches into Boeotia, he marches into Phocis at the same time. He sacks some of these places. He really mistreats the populations because they resisted him, which is usually the carrot and stick of Persian conquest.

Yeah, so the story that we get from Herodotus is that this was really quite horrific, like what happened to the peoples who were directly behind the pass, who had resisted. So he marches into Boeotia, he marches into Phocis at the same time. He sacks some of these places. He really mistreats the populations because they resisted him, which is usually the carrot and stick of Persian conquest.

Yeah, so the story that we get from Herodotus is that this was really quite horrific, like what happened to the peoples who were directly behind the pass, who had resisted. So he marches into Boeotia, he marches into Phocis at the same time. He sacks some of these places. He really mistreats the populations because they resisted him, which is usually the carrot and stick of Persian conquest.

If you don't resist, it's all good. You get to keep your structures and positions of power, and usually nothing will happen to you. But if you resist, then all bets are off. And so several of the communities of focus are really extremely roughly handled and get some very horrible anecdotes.