Professor Marion Turner
đ€ SpeakerAppearances Over Time
Podcast Appearances
but it's the war that Chaucer would have known. So the idea of the scorched earth, the shepherd's huts being burnt, the kind of war which he took part in, which was often not pitched battle, but was attacking the countryside. Really horrible. But the dark imagining of felony is great, isn't it? It's beautiful.
MielestÀni koulutuksessa Chaucer hyökkÀÀ ja koittaa paljon uusia kertoja. Tietysti joskus se on vain kuvattu, koska hÀnen koulutuksensa on niin hyvin tunnettu, mutta hÀn kuitenkin yhdistyi paljon englantia koulutuksessa, Kanchi-Pretailsissa ja muissa koulutuksissa. Minun suositukseni on, ettÀ hÀn oli niin uudistunut, ettÀ hÀn luo uudistunut kieli.
He also changed what poetic forms were available in English. So he was the first person to use the ten syllable line and to use an early form of the iambic pentameter. So the five stress line that became the fundamental building block of English poetry. So that's hugely important in terms of content.
The Canterbury Tales really affirms the idea that we shouldn't just listen to one hegemonic important voice. We should listen to the voices of people of all different classes, of both sexes, of all different kinds of people. And he's really the master of juxtaposition of those different kinds of voices and of different kinds of stories.
MeillÀ on todella tÀrkeitÀ sainta-elokuvia ja filosofiaa, mutta myös erittÀin huonoja tarinoita, joissa ihmiset on seksissÀ metsÀssÀ tai he pysyvÀt heidÀt lakkaan. Tai he pysyvÀt heidÀt lakkaan. Tuo on se, mitÀ isÀni kertoi minulle. TÀmÀ on todella haastavaa, ettÀ kaikki erilaiset asiat voivat olla osa kirjoituksesta.
KyllÀ, se, miten me puhumme, on usein iambiikkaa, joten minÀ haluan mennÀ ja saada kappaleen. Iambiikka-pentameteri toimii, koska se on luonnollinen, ja me olemme useimmat siitÀ, ettÀ se on poeta-moodi, joten se on, miten stressipatenteemme toimivat puheessa. Kuten sanoin, se ei ole vain Chaucene, josta iambiikka-pentameteri on kehittynyt paljon myöhemmin poetilla, mutta se hieno rytmi on todella tÀrkeÀ, miten me puhumme.
NiitÀ on kirjoitettu 1390-luvulla, jolloin hÀn kirjoittaa Treeties on the Astrolabe. HÀn kirjoittaa uudestaan The Prologue to the Legend of Good Women. HÀn kirjoittaa monta lyhyttÀ. Ja hÀn työskentelee. Me nÀemme hÀnÀ työskentelemÀÀn koko 90-luvun. 1399, Henry IV, John of Gauntin sydÀntÀ, usurpaa rannasta Richard II, hÀnen isÀnsÀ.
Mutta Chaucer on erittÀin hyviÀ yhteyksiÀ molemmilla puolilla. HÀn on ollut yhteydessÀ Gawntin ja Gawntin perheellÀ koko elÀmÀn aikana, kuten jo puhuttiin. HÀn on myös työskennellyt Richardista, joten hÀn jÀrjestÀÀ tuotetta. Me nÀemme hÀnet saavuttamaan uudistuneita ja lisÀÀntyneitÀ aloituksia Henriilta. Lopulta elÀmÀstÀ hÀn elÀÀ Westminster Abbeyin, joka ei ollut ainoastaan religiaalinen asia. SiinÀ oli paljon kaupoja ja rauhoja ja niin edelleen Westminster Abbeyin alueella. Mutta hÀn elÀÀ siellÀ. Siksi hÀn nousee siellÀ, koska hÀn elÀÀ siellÀ.
Ei siksi, ettÀ Poet's Corner ei ollut siellÀ. Ei ollut Poet's Cornera aiemmin. Se oli vain hÀnen paikallisessa kirjassaan. Se olisi ollut parempi, jos hÀn olisi nukkuttu St. Margaretsin Westminsterissa. HÀn olisi tehnyt hyvÀÀ yhteistyötÀ siltÀ, ettÀ hÀn nukkuisi sieltÀ. Se on siksi, ettÀ hÀn elÀÀ siellÀ. Sen jÀlkeen hÀn on muuttunut ja Poet's Corner aloittaa. Mutta kyllÀ, tietenkin viimeisen vuoden elÀmÀstÀ nÀemme hÀnÀ kirjoittamaan poemaa uudelleen. HÀn pyytÀÀ hÀnelle rahaa.
KyllÀ, me olemme kaikki ymmÀrtÀneet sitÀ. MennÀÀn, olen tehnyt kappaleen. HÀn kuoli kesÀkuussa 1400. Me emme tiedÀ. No, mennÀÀn. Me emme tiedÀ, kun hÀn kuoli. HÀn kuoli yleensÀ oktoberin 1400. Mutta se on vain, kun hÀn ei saa aloituksia.
We don't know. That's when the records tell us he's not there anymore. So he died before that point, but we don't know the date. Did he die because he couldn't afford groceries? I was going to say, quite literally, you're dead to me, and then he's like literally dead. So he dies in 1400, by the end of October.
Jaa, niin Chaucer kirjoitti londoniltaan, Eestis-Midlantiin ja Lontoon, joten se antaa hÀnet hyödyksi, koska hÀnet työskentelee kaupungin ympÀrillÀ. TÀmÀ on silloin, kun tavallinen englantia alkaa kehittyÀ kansallisissa, eli byrokratillisissa dokumentissa. Ja sitten se on myös kieli, jota Caxton haluaa mainitsemaan. Joten hÀn on saanut hyödyksiÀ siellÀ.
People really liked his work. I mean, it was really good, right? It's not just the luck of circumstance. It was also brilliant. People loved it. And so we see from early on in the 15th century, other poets promoting his work, calling him Father Chaucer. So Hockleave, Lydgate, the early 15th century poets are talking about him and trying to write poetry that imitated Chaucer's poetry, though it wasn't as good. So then when Caxton starts up his printing press,
There are many manuscripts of the Canterbury Tales. There's more than 80, which is a lot for that time. 80? Wow, that's incredible. And then Caxton, it's the first big book that he publishes, is the Canterbury Tales. And then a few years later, he prints a second edition because he'd got a better manuscript. So he prints another edition. Everyone went on loving it. So when we look at the history of English literature, you can see references to or the influence of Chaucer in every single one of Shakespeare's plays. When you get to modernism, you know, the opening of The Wasteland,
April is the cruelest month is an inversion of the opening line of the Canterbury Tales, When the Tapril with His Shoe is Sweet. Just a couple of years ago, Zadie Smith writes her Wife of Wilsdon based on the Wife of Bars prologue and tale. We see him just all through English literature, right up to the present. Amazing. So that's the life of Geoffrey Chaucer. Wow. Quite the life, quite the sort of literary history, really. The nuance window!
It's time now for the nuance window. This is where Mike and I spend two minutes silently inspecting ditches, while Marian turns a new page and tells us something we need to know about Geoffrey Chaucer. So my stopwatch is ready. Take it away, Professor Marian. I'm going to talk about Chaucer and character. So when people think of Chaucer, they often think about his characters, the wife of Bath, the miller, the knight, the host. And Chaucer did two really significant things with literary character.
EnsimmÀisenÀ hÀn kehittyi ideaa epÀvarmuuttajaa, joten monissa hÀnen pohjoissaan kertominen on vihattu ja kertoo osan kertomista tai jÀtetÀÀn niiden epÀvarmuudet kenttÀÀn kertomisessa, joten ne eivÀt ole tarkoitettuja. EpÀvarmuuden kertominen oli todella tÀrkeÀ osa kertomisesta. Se nÀkyy erityisesti modernissa kertomisissa, kuten Lolita.
Chaucer nÀyttÀÀ, ettÀ se, mitÀ nÀemme, riippuu siitÀ, missÀ olemme. TÀmÀn mielenkiintoisen nÀkökulman voidaan liittyÀ taiteellisesta nÀkökulmasta juuri tÀllÀ hetkellÀ. Chaucer nÀyttÀÀ Giottoa taiteesta, joka kÀvi Italiassa. HÀn on todella kiinnostunut kÀyttÀmÀÀn kirjallisuutta kÀsittÀmÀÀn suhteellisuutta ja yksityisyyttÀ.
He made his characters much more 3D than previous characters in literature, especially his female characters. The Wife of Bath is based on characters from Latin and French texts who were stereotypes, cynical old prostitutes. Chaucer's version is far more nuanced. She's much funnier and more appealing. She has a memory and a sense of the future. She talks about domestic violence and rape, and she talks explicitly about the lack of female voices in literature.
In Troilus and Crusade 2 Chaucer changes the character of the heroine. In Boccaccio's Il Filostrato, Chaucer's Source, Crusade is a fickle, promiscuous betrayer. Chaucer, though, shows us the powerlessness and vulnerability of Crusade's situation, reveals the patterns of her thought and her constrained options, makes her a much more rounded and sympathetic character. He's interested in depicting character's complexity and interiority, especially women's.