Professor Michele Grossman

That is a little bit different to the kind of counter-extremism work

that might go on, but there are programs to help them reorient themselves to a more pro-social way of thinking, of feeling, and of living.

A lot of that also depends on the communities that they reintegrate into.

And I know that quite extensive work has happened with the local communities where people will be

And that is a crucial factor because with all the counter-extremism programs and psychological and trauma-based counseling in the world, if people are trying to reintegrate into a community setting where they feel they're unwanted,

where they're going to be completely rejected and ostracized, what hope are you giving them for their prospects of being able to rehabilitate and adapt when you leave people feeling hopeless?

I'll never be accepted.

I'll never be wanted.

I will never be accepted in terms of change.

Then you leave people feeling that they've got nothing to lose.

And if they feel that they've got nothing to lose, that is a dangerous position for them to be in, in my view.

Well, not much.

And I actually take that as a very good sign.

The reintegration process depends heavily on avoiding stigmatization, particularly, again, for children, allowing them to reorient, readapt to life in Australia without feeling that everybody is, you know, giving them the side eye in terms of the potential threat or risk that they face.

might pose.

And actually, you know, one way to get people to pose or a risk or infrared is to continue giving them, you know, that kind of side eye.

So there is a lot of silence around the families who have already come back and are being reintegrated.

I take that as a positive sign.

I think if there were issues or problems we would have heard, I think things would have leaked out to the media.

The fact that we've heard nothing is a good sign.