Professor Peter Heather

We see that kind of thing happening, but that doesn't mean, given the backstory that we've seen in the fourth century of Saxon raiding along the Channel Coast, that doesn't mean there wouldn't have been autonomous Saxon raiding as well as the Allied groups being hired in for mercenary service by the sub-Romano Brits as well. So I would have thought all these things are going on.

I mean, basically... The obstacles to effective raiding along the channel had been removed by the disappearance. And I should say that those Saxon shore forts, the archaeological evidence for their maintenance and usage runs out in the early 5th century. That's kind of further confirmation that the troops taken by Constantine III never came back.

I mean, basically... The obstacles to effective raiding along the channel had been removed by the disappearance. And I should say that those Saxon shore forts, the archaeological evidence for their maintenance and usage runs out in the early 5th century. That's kind of further confirmation that the troops taken by Constantine III never came back.

I mean, basically... The obstacles to effective raiding along the channel had been removed by the disappearance. And I should say that those Saxon shore forts, the archaeological evidence for their maintenance and usage runs out in the early 5th century. That's kind of further confirmation that the troops taken by Constantine III never came back.

So the channel shore has been opened up for raiding. So I think that is happening. But also I think the employment of mercenaries is perfectly plausible too. The extent to which they're bringing women and children, well, that's a very interesting question.

So the channel shore has been opened up for raiding. So I think that is happening. But also I think the employment of mercenaries is perfectly plausible too. The extent to which they're bringing women and children, well, that's a very interesting question.

So the channel shore has been opened up for raiding. So I think that is happening. But also I think the employment of mercenaries is perfectly plausible too. The extent to which they're bringing women and children, well, that's a very interesting question.

Yes, that I think is exactly the right image to have in your head. The other way of putting it, it's a different way of saying the same thing, is actually Saxon migration into Britain is in effect not a cause of the fall of the Roman Empire, you might say. The Roman Empire has fallen in Britain in the sense that the imperial center has abandoned the provincial population.

Yes, that I think is exactly the right image to have in your head. The other way of putting it, it's a different way of saying the same thing, is actually Saxon migration into Britain is in effect not a cause of the fall of the Roman Empire, you might say. The Roman Empire has fallen in Britain in the sense that the imperial center has abandoned the provincial population.

Yes, that I think is exactly the right image to have in your head. The other way of putting it, it's a different way of saying the same thing, is actually Saxon migration into Britain is in effect not a cause of the fall of the Roman Empire, you might say. The Roman Empire has fallen in Britain in the sense that the imperial center has abandoned the provincial population.

And that's what makes it possible for very small group migration, multiple small group migration to happen. You try that, you know, if the Goths had tried multiple small group migration across the Danube, they'd get smashed. It's because there isn't effective Roman military counteraction available within Britain that this kind of small group thing can happen.

And that's what makes it possible for very small group migration, multiple small group migration to happen. You try that, you know, if the Goths had tried multiple small group migration across the Danube, they'd get smashed. It's because there isn't effective Roman military counteraction available within Britain that this kind of small group thing can happen.

And that's what makes it possible for very small group migration, multiple small group migration to happen. You try that, you know, if the Goths had tried multiple small group migration across the Danube, they'd get smashed. It's because there isn't effective Roman military counteraction available within Britain that this kind of small group thing can happen.

The overall balance between men and women and children, that is a really interesting question. You've got two kind of data sets because the narratives are rubbish. They don't work. So you've got to approach this problem laterally and come at it from a different direction.

The overall balance between men and women and children, that is a really interesting question. You've got two kind of data sets because the narratives are rubbish. They don't work. So you've got to approach this problem laterally and come at it from a different direction.

The overall balance between men and women and children, that is a really interesting question. You've got two kind of data sets because the narratives are rubbish. They don't work. So you've got to approach this problem laterally and come at it from a different direction.

One thing is the language replacement of the mix of Celtic and Latin by Anglo-Saxon or Old English, as we should call it, which is undoubtedly a Germanic language. And the point here is is that, of course, there are no scorts. So children learn language particularly at home and particularly from their mothers.

One thing is the language replacement of the mix of Celtic and Latin by Anglo-Saxon or Old English, as we should call it, which is undoubtedly a Germanic language. And the point here is is that, of course, there are no scorts. So children learn language particularly at home and particularly from their mothers.

One thing is the language replacement of the mix of Celtic and Latin by Anglo-Saxon or Old English, as we should call it, which is undoubtedly a Germanic language. And the point here is is that, of course, there are no scorts. So children learn language particularly at home and particularly from their mothers.

It's really hard to imagine how Anglo-Saxon would become the language at least of the early medieval elite as it emerges in post-Roman Britain if there are not plenty of female speakers of Germanic. So, in other words, we've got to have Anglo-Saxon women as well.