Randall Carlson

And then the floodwaters of Bonneville met the floodwaters of Missoula just south of Lewiston, Idaho. And this is a very important outcrop that I've made three or four trips to because it's extremely, it shows that the two of the greatest floods in North America were apparently happening simultaneous. Now this was not glacier melt flood. This had to have been rainfall. This flood. Because you're,

And then the floodwaters of Bonneville met the floodwaters of Missoula just south of Lewiston, Idaho. And this is a very important outcrop that I've made three or four trips to because it's extremely, it shows that the two of the greatest floods in North America were apparently happening simultaneous. Now this was not glacier melt flood. This had to have been rainfall. This flood. Because you're,

And then the floodwaters of Bonneville met the floodwaters of Missoula just south of Lewiston, Idaho. And this is a very important outcrop that I've made three or four trips to because it's extremely, it shows that the two of the greatest floods in North America were apparently happening simultaneous. Now this was not glacier melt flood. This had to have been rainfall. This flood. Because you're,

And I'm standing on a boulder bar here that's three miles long. And you have to picture, this is the debris that was being carried in that flood, these boulders. Okay, so that's Graham Hancock there. And I'm standing in the bottom of a giant pothole. Uh, this is on the border of, this is along the St. Croix wild and scenic river forms the border of Minnesota and Wisconsin and go to the next one.

And I'm standing on a boulder bar here that's three miles long. And you have to picture, this is the debris that was being carried in that flood, these boulders. Okay, so that's Graham Hancock there. And I'm standing in the bottom of a giant pothole. Uh, this is on the border of, this is along the St. Croix wild and scenic river forms the border of Minnesota and Wisconsin and go to the next one.

And I'm standing on a boulder bar here that's three miles long. And you have to picture, this is the debris that was being carried in that flood, these boulders. Okay, so that's Graham Hancock there. And I'm standing in the bottom of a giant pothole. Uh, this is on the border of, this is along the St. Croix wild and scenic river forms the border of Minnesota and Wisconsin and go to the next one.

There's a giant pothole, uh, near buttermilk, buttermilk falls, which is, I believe if I remember right, is at the south end of Lake Seneca, one of the finger lakes. Now, how do you form these potholes? This thing here is 10 feet in diameter and it's about four, six to six feet deep. Go to the next one. This is how you form. You have this, it's called caulking. And in highly swiftly moving water,

There's a giant pothole, uh, near buttermilk, buttermilk falls, which is, I believe if I remember right, is at the south end of Lake Seneca, one of the finger lakes. Now, how do you form these potholes? This thing here is 10 feet in diameter and it's about four, six to six feet deep. Go to the next one. This is how you form. You have this, it's called caulking. And in highly swiftly moving water,

There's a giant pothole, uh, near buttermilk, buttermilk falls, which is, I believe if I remember right, is at the south end of Lake Seneca, one of the finger lakes. Now, how do you form these potholes? This thing here is 10 feet in diameter and it's about four, six to six feet deep. Go to the next one. This is how you form. You have this, it's called caulking. And in highly swiftly moving water,

You literally get this vortex for high energy. It's like an underwater tornado. Next slide, Ryan. Okay, let's see. Giant flood rolled boulders hitting the trees along Big Creek, southern Appalachians. These are boulders that are six, seven feet in diameter, and the modern creek does not move them. Go to the next slide.

You literally get this vortex for high energy. It's like an underwater tornado. Next slide, Ryan. Okay, let's see. Giant flood rolled boulders hitting the trees along Big Creek, southern Appalachians. These are boulders that are six, seven feet in diameter, and the modern creek does not move them. Go to the next slide.

You literally get this vortex for high energy. It's like an underwater tornado. Next slide, Ryan. Okay, let's see. Giant flood rolled boulders hitting the trees along Big Creek, southern Appalachians. These are boulders that are six, seven feet in diameter, and the modern creek does not move them. Go to the next slide.

So this is, I hike a lot throughout these Creek valleys in the Southern Appalachians. And as it says here, this is massive displaced boulders. So this is essentially the byproduct of gigantic floods flowing across the Appalachian mountains. Next slide. Yeah. Look at these. You find these, this is giant boulders along the French broad river in North Carolina. Next slide.

So this is, I hike a lot throughout these Creek valleys in the Southern Appalachians. And as it says here, this is massive displaced boulders. So this is essentially the byproduct of gigantic floods flowing across the Appalachian mountains. Next slide. Yeah. Look at these. You find these, this is giant boulders along the French broad river in North Carolina. Next slide.

So this is, I hike a lot throughout these Creek valleys in the Southern Appalachians. And as it says here, this is massive displaced boulders. So this is essentially the byproduct of gigantic floods flowing across the Appalachian mountains. Next slide. Yeah. Look at these. You find these, this is giant boulders along the French broad river in North Carolina. Next slide.

Nakalula falls note, extreme undercutting. Now what you're seeing here, this formation is not the product of that waterfall. This is a waterfall that was probably a thousand times greater than what you're looking at. And in order to get that undercutting, this is what's happening. It's like a great rotary drill. And that's what happens in extremely turbulent, swiftly moving, moving water.

Nakalula falls note, extreme undercutting. Now what you're seeing here, this formation is not the product of that waterfall. This is a waterfall that was probably a thousand times greater than what you're looking at. And in order to get that undercutting, this is what's happening. It's like a great rotary drill. And that's what happens in extremely turbulent, swiftly moving, moving water.

Nakalula falls note, extreme undercutting. Now what you're seeing here, this formation is not the product of that waterfall. This is a waterfall that was probably a thousand times greater than what you're looking at. And in order to get that undercutting, this is what's happening. It's like a great rotary drill. And that's what happens in extremely turbulent, swiftly moving, moving water.

Well, it's, I mean, you can see some pieces of it left there. But yes, it's basically all downstream. Well, That transect through the Clark Fork where that red dash line is, that was this. Now, this shows the water level up to 4,200 feet above sea level. And the floor of the valley at that point is 2,100 feet above sea level. So that means the water depth right there was 2,100 feet.

Well, it's, I mean, you can see some pieces of it left there. But yes, it's basically all downstream. Well, That transect through the Clark Fork where that red dash line is, that was this. Now, this shows the water level up to 4,200 feet above sea level. And the floor of the valley at that point is 2,100 feet above sea level. So that means the water depth right there was 2,100 feet.