Randall Carlson

And you can see it extends out a couple of feet beyond the casing stones, if you can see my cursor here.

you can see that if you remove this casing stone here, just like the one that here has been removed, you can see that that same limestone paving was under the pyramid, right?

Now, when the pyramid was built, all of this limestone forming the paving stone here, the paving base it's called, was covered except for these areas outside.

So underneath the casing stones, you did not have the same type of erosion because it was now concealed from the weathering, from the rainfall and so on, that the same stone, same exact stone on the outside was now being exposed to.

So what happened was there was no erosion going on under the casing stones, and there was erosion going on on the surface of the base outside the casing stones.

Well, the result was, you'll see in this next slide.

Let's see.

Let's find a good one here.

Let's see.

I think this one.

Well, actually, I'll go backwards.

Yeah, here we go.

So, look, you can see there's a line of demarcation.

On the left, it's smooth, and on the right, it's very rough, dimpled, pitted.

Okay, so you're looking at the smooth was under the casing stones.

The pitted was outside the casing stones.

So, at the time the pyramid was built—

This area outside the casing stones was now subjected to weathering.

And so what this guy did, this author did, Alberto Donini, an Italian engineer who did this study, he had really done this in-depth study of weathering.

the weathering of rock, particularly limestone rock.