Randall Carlson

That's what's referred to as the outwash plane. So you can see there, like you're driving along and it's flat. You're on the outwash plane. Then you get to this hummocky, a bunch of hills and stuff. Now you're at the mooring. And so that's where you can tell, okay, the ice sheet came here and it stopped. It didn't go any further south. It stopped. Um, let's see what we got here. Okay.

That's what's referred to as the outwash plane. So you can see there, like you're driving along and it's flat. You're on the outwash plane. Then you get to this hummocky, a bunch of hills and stuff. Now you're at the mooring. And so that's where you can tell, okay, the ice sheet came here and it stopped. It didn't go any further south. It stopped. Um, let's see what we got here. Okay.

There's your kettle Lake. So a kettle Lake is when you have an ice piece of ice, a big chunk of ice it's embedded in the moraine. And then when it melts, it leaves a depression it's filled with water. So where I grew up, there were kettle lakes all over the place. Uh, in fact, our property was what I now recognize was probably a kettle Lake. Ah, look at there. Okay, we've got Drumlin.

There's your kettle Lake. So a kettle Lake is when you have an ice piece of ice, a big chunk of ice it's embedded in the moraine. And then when it melts, it leaves a depression it's filled with water. So where I grew up, there were kettle lakes all over the place. Uh, in fact, our property was what I now recognize was probably a kettle Lake. Ah, look at there. Okay, we've got Drumlin.

There's your kettle Lake. So a kettle Lake is when you have an ice piece of ice, a big chunk of ice it's embedded in the moraine. And then when it melts, it leaves a depression it's filled with water. So where I grew up, there were kettle lakes all over the place. Uh, in fact, our property was what I now recognize was probably a kettle Lake. Ah, look at there. Okay, we've got Drumlin.

We've got Eskers. Terminal Moraine. Out, there, yeah, Outwash Plain. So you can see there, you've got the flat area. And then when you hit those hills, boom. And there, look, see where it says came? You see those, the hills? So that was one of the things I used to wonder about. Like, you'd see this farmer's field, and out in the middle, there'd be this big rounded hill.

We've got Eskers. Terminal Moraine. Out, there, yeah, Outwash Plain. So you can see there, you've got the flat area. And then when you hit those hills, boom. And there, look, see where it says came? You see those, the hills? So that was one of the things I used to wonder about. Like, you'd see this farmer's field, and out in the middle, there'd be this big rounded hill.

We've got Eskers. Terminal Moraine. Out, there, yeah, Outwash Plain. So you can see there, you've got the flat area. And then when you hit those hills, boom. And there, look, see where it says came? You see those, the hills? So that was one of the things I used to wonder about. Like, you'd see this farmer's field, and out in the middle, there'd be this big rounded hill.

So growing up in a landscape where the glaciers would advance and retreat and advance and retreat multiple times, it created this whole landscape. And I remember even being a little kid, like having this sense that there was, you know, I'd be looking at things and there was like, I don't know, it's almost like there was like this hidden story in the landscape.

So growing up in a landscape where the glaciers would advance and retreat and advance and retreat multiple times, it created this whole landscape. And I remember even being a little kid, like having this sense that there was, you know, I'd be looking at things and there was like, I don't know, it's almost like there was like this hidden story in the landscape.

So growing up in a landscape where the glaciers would advance and retreat and advance and retreat multiple times, it created this whole landscape. And I remember even being a little kid, like having this sense that there was, you know, I'd be looking at things and there was like, I don't know, it's almost like there was like this hidden story in the landscape.

I mean, I remember even being seven years old one time and standing on this hill looking and just getting this overwhelming sense that there was something about the landscape. And then Later on in life, of course, I have learned all of this. So I can give you an explanation for everything you see on this picture here.

I mean, I remember even being seven years old one time and standing on this hill looking and just getting this overwhelming sense that there was something about the landscape. And then Later on in life, of course, I have learned all of this. So I can give you an explanation for everything you see on this picture here.

I mean, I remember even being seven years old one time and standing on this hill looking and just getting this overwhelming sense that there was something about the landscape. And then Later on in life, of course, I have learned all of this. So I can give you an explanation for everything you see on this picture here.

An esker, like if you've got a fracture in the ice sheet and water is flowing through that fracture and it's laden with sediment, and then when the final flow disperses, it leaves this sinuous trail of till, serpentine almost like, and that'll be an esker. Drumlins are extremely interesting. Drumlins only show up where the glaciers have been.

An esker, like if you've got a fracture in the ice sheet and water is flowing through that fracture and it's laden with sediment, and then when the final flow disperses, it leaves this sinuous trail of till, serpentine almost like, and that'll be an esker. Drumlins are extremely interesting. Drumlins only show up where the glaciers have been.

An esker, like if you've got a fracture in the ice sheet and water is flowing through that fracture and it's laden with sediment, and then when the final flow disperses, it leaves this sinuous trail of till, serpentine almost like, and that'll be an esker. Drumlins are extremely interesting. Drumlins only show up where the glaciers have been.

Because you can see if water is discharging from the glacier, like you see in this image here, as soon as it moves outside the glacier itself, it now has a free surface. So it changes the whole... pressure regime of that water flow. When it's still under the ice sheet, you know, you've got this roof, you've got this lid.

Because you can see if water is discharging from the glacier, like you see in this image here, as soon as it moves outside the glacier itself, it now has a free surface. So it changes the whole... pressure regime of that water flow. When it's still under the ice sheet, you know, you've got this roof, you've got this lid.

Because you can see if water is discharging from the glacier, like you see in this image here, as soon as it moves outside the glacier itself, it now has a free surface. So it changes the whole... pressure regime of that water flow. When it's still under the ice sheet, you know, you've got this roof, you've got this lid.