Richard Lowenthal

And could get to therapeutic levels very, very easily with low doses that we maintain a good safety margin on when we consider.

possible overabsorption from different conditions.

We stay very far south of where the limit is for inducing certain cardiovascular side effects, including cerebral hemorrhage, which can occur with epinephrine.

So you need to keep the dose low, and that was very, very important.

So that's a little bit of my background and how I got into

developing epinephrine nasal spray in NEFI in the very early days, about 10 years ago when we started this company.

Yeah, well, and as you said, I mean, in this market, EpiPen obviously is the most well-known product out there, and it's been around for about 40 years now.

So it's been a very helpful product for the community by having an option to inject epinephrine right away in a community setting in an emergency situation.

And that's really critical because the way these anaphylactic reactions progress is they start out with symptoms.

And if you stop that reaction, that allergic reaction, very, very quickly, early in the course of the reaction, typically epinephrine is very, very effective.

And also, if you stop it very, very early in the reaction,

there's less comorbidities and risk of hospitalization.

So early intervention is very, very important in this disease.

So auto-injectors have allowed that to occur more often.

The problem is that people are very scared to use injection products.

They're complicated to use in general.

And people don't especially like to inject their children.

So people tend to hesitate, wait.

They don't carry the devices.

So what you have to do in a market like that where it is highly genericized is first you have to have a clinical differentiation.