Ryan Sean Adams

They re-execute all of the same work to verify it for themselves.

And that's the way that Bitcoin discovered the way to have a decentralized network is everyone's checking everyone else.

And that re-execute word has just been the status quo for all blockchains.

Everyone re-does all of the work.

And the way that that impacts blockchains, all blockchains to this day, is that it kind of is hamstrung by the slowest node in the network.

Or at least there is some requirement for computation that every blockchain has that, you know, if you aren't at least this fast, you can't keep up with the network because you can't keep up with executing all the everyone else's work.

And now, you know, some blockchains have different opinions as to like how much requirement you have.

Bitcoin's is very low.

Ethereum has also been a very low requirement because we want to be decentralized.

as you said, some chains like Solana or other very fast chains have had a higher opinion as to the computational requirements it takes to do the re-execution.

But nonetheless, all blockchains to this day are re-executing all of the same work and it's redundant.

It seems unnecessary.

It seems like is there a way where we can not do all of that extra work and still have a blockchain?

And it

parallel to that as you said with like the ethereum layer twos what we understand is that there is a way to not do this and that is with zk proofs so in addition to the technological progress of blockchains as a whole we can make them more efficient we can you know we can juice some of the throughput but on a parallel path there are there are cryptographic algorithms that instead of allowing

or forcing everyone to do the re-execution, you can simply verify a cryptographic hash, a cryptographic proof.

And that part is trivial.

It's easy to verify.

It's hard to produce in the same way a block in a blockchain is hard to produce, but it's trivial to verify the correctness of a cryptographic proof.

And that's kind of the trick.