SPEAKER_04

If you would get me a piece of its – first of all, send me some x-rays.

of the thing.

So the first thing I did with those x-rays was it turned out that at Stanford we had the world's expert who wrote the book on pediatric bone disorders.

And I brought it to him and I said, what do you think this is?

And he said, hmm, well, I haven't really seen this before, but it could be this gene, this gene, this gene, et cetera.

He said, but here's, oh, there it is.

There it is.

Yeah.

And so, yeah, it looks weird, doesn't it?

And so the expert told me, okay, I need this view of an x-ray, this view, this view, this view.

And so we got that and it came back and it said, okay, well, you know, we need to get some DNA sequencing, he said.

I said, okay.

So we got a piece of the bone from actually the rib.

And the rib was important to use because that would be, I felt, an area that would be least likely to be contaminated by bacterial, you know, degradation.

And so I got a little bit of bone marrow out and I did the sequencing.

Long story short, I had to bring in, once I'd done that, there was a lot of DNA that didn't make sense, but it's old DNA.

It wasn't that old actually, but it was degraded.

So I had to bring in experts at Stanford who knew how to fix the degradation.

And then I had to bring in an expert in South American genetics who also happened to be at Stanford.

And then we brought in a team of students.