Lex Fridman Podcast
#472 β Terence Tao: Hardest Problems in Mathematics, Physics & the Future of AI
I mean, sometimes there are some computer algebra packages that help, but often it's just one mathematician coding lots and lots of Python or whatever.
Lex Fridman Podcast
#472 β Terence Tao: Hardest Problems in Mathematics, Physics & the Future of AI
And because coding is such an error-prone activity, it's not practical to allow other people to collaborate with you on writing modules for your code, because if one of the modules has a bug in it, the whole thing is unreliable.
Lex Fridman Podcast
#472 β Terence Tao: Hardest Problems in Mathematics, Physics & the Future of AI
So you get these bespoke...
Lex Fridman Podcast
#472 β Terence Tao: Hardest Problems in Mathematics, Physics & the Future of AI
spaghetti code written by non-professional programmers, mathematicians.
Lex Fridman Podcast
#472 β Terence Tao: Hardest Problems in Mathematics, Physics & the Future of AI
And they're clunky and slow.
Lex Fridman Podcast
#472 β Terence Tao: Hardest Problems in Mathematics, Physics & the Future of AI
And so because of that, it's hard to really mass-produce experimental results.
Lex Fridman Podcast
#472 β Terence Tao: Hardest Problems in Mathematics, Physics & the Future of AI
But
Lex Fridman Podcast
#472 β Terence Tao: Hardest Problems in Mathematics, Physics & the Future of AI
Yeah, but I think with Lean, I mean, so I'm already starting some projects where we are not just experimenting with data, but experimenting with proofs.
Lex Fridman Podcast
#472 β Terence Tao: Hardest Problems in Mathematics, Physics & the Future of AI
So I have this project called the Equational Theories Project.
Lex Fridman Podcast
#472 β Terence Tao: Hardest Problems in Mathematics, Physics & the Future of AI
Basically, we generated about 22 million little problems in abstract algebra.
Lex Fridman Podcast
#472 β Terence Tao: Hardest Problems in Mathematics, Physics & the Future of AI
Maybe I should back up and tell you what the project is.
Lex Fridman Podcast
#472 β Terence Tao: Hardest Problems in Mathematics, Physics & the Future of AI
Okay, so abstract algebra studies operations like multiplication and addition and their abstract properties.
Lex Fridman Podcast
#472 β Terence Tao: Hardest Problems in Mathematics, Physics & the Future of AI
Okay, so multiplication, for example, is commutative.
Lex Fridman Podcast
#472 β Terence Tao: Hardest Problems in Mathematics, Physics & the Future of AI
X times Y is always Y times X, at least for numbers.
Lex Fridman Podcast
#472 β Terence Tao: Hardest Problems in Mathematics, Physics & the Future of AI
And it's also associative.
Lex Fridman Podcast
#472 β Terence Tao: Hardest Problems in Mathematics, Physics & the Future of AI
X times Y times Z is the same as X times Y times Z. So these operations obey some laws and they don't obey others.
Lex Fridman Podcast
#472 β Terence Tao: Hardest Problems in Mathematics, Physics & the Future of AI
For example, X times X is not always equal to X. So that law is not always true.
Lex Fridman Podcast
#472 β Terence Tao: Hardest Problems in Mathematics, Physics & the Future of AI
So given any operation, it obeys some laws and not others.
Lex Fridman Podcast
#472 β Terence Tao: Hardest Problems in Mathematics, Physics & the Future of AI
And so we generated about 4,000 of these possible laws of algebra that certain operations can satisfy.
Lex Fridman Podcast
#472 β Terence Tao: Hardest Problems in Mathematics, Physics & the Future of AI
And our question is, which laws imply which other ones?