Tim Maltin

They had just been able to make contact with America for the first time since leaving Europe, 400 miles away, and it was very faint. So then when this ship, the Californian, comes in, hey, I'm stopped in ice, it blasts Phillips' ears off.

They had just been able to make contact with America for the first time since leaving Europe, 400 miles away, and it was very faint. So then when this ship, the Californian, comes in, hey, I'm stopped in ice, it blasts Phillips' ears off.

He says, K-O-O-N. And what that means is keep out, old man. So it's been translated in modern parlance to be shut up. But it wasn't. It was banter between two young people. He didn't know the importance of the message. It brassed his ears off. And in the haste of the moment, he just said, keep out, old man. K-O-O-N.

He says, K-O-O-N. And what that means is keep out, old man. So it's been translated in modern parlance to be shut up. But it wasn't. It was banter between two young people. He didn't know the importance of the message. It brassed his ears off. And in the haste of the moment, he just said, keep out, old man. K-O-O-N.

There were about 200 icebergs in a giant circle, 360 degrees around Titanic, when she sank. And a lot of the birds were more than 200 feet high. So what you have to imagine is any warmer air is just blowing over the top of all these birds. And inside, you've got this little microcosm of a mill pond that's freezing with still air.

There were about 200 icebergs in a giant circle, 360 degrees around Titanic, when she sank. And a lot of the birds were more than 200 feet high. So what you have to imagine is any warmer air is just blowing over the top of all these birds. And inside, you've got this little microcosm of a mill pond that's freezing with still air.

And of course, this barrier of ice all the way around really protected the environment. Titanic curator Klaas-Joran Wetterholm.

And of course, this barrier of ice all the way around really protected the environment. Titanic curator Klaas-Joran Wetterholm.

Even though there was no moon, the stars were extraordinarily bright. People said that you could read your watch by the starlight. You could see the whole Milky Way. Someone said there were more points of light than there was black between them.

Even though there was no moon, the stars were extraordinarily bright. People said that you could read your watch by the starlight. You could see the whole Milky Way. Someone said there were more points of light than there was black between them.

And actually, not only could Titanic's funnels be seen when her lights went out, silhouetted against the stars, but even her masts, her thin masts all the way up, could actually be seen as blocking out stars. It was a night almost where you're looking at the universe.

And actually, not only could Titanic's funnels be seen when her lights went out, silhouetted against the stars, but even her masts, her thin masts all the way up, could actually be seen as blocking out stars. It was a night almost where you're looking at the universe.

There had been quite a warm winter in the Arctic in 1911, and a lot of ice had come out of Bathin Bay and was actually sort of marooned, if you like, along the shore around Newfoundland. And then what happened was there was quite a high tide. And what happened was that the high tide lifted all the icebergs, and then they suddenly floated in a giant rush down the Labrador Current.

There had been quite a warm winter in the Arctic in 1911, and a lot of ice had come out of Bathin Bay and was actually sort of marooned, if you like, along the shore around Newfoundland. And then what happened was there was quite a high tide. And what happened was that the high tide lifted all the icebergs, and then they suddenly floated in a giant rush down the Labrador Current.

So what happened was the cold water flowed a bit like a cold snake wriggling over the hot desert floor. That's how the Labrador current that was freezing flowed over or into the Gulf Stream, but without mixing. When you get very, very cold water of the type I've been describing, you get the opposite of a desert mirror.

So what happened was the cold water flowed a bit like a cold snake wriggling over the hot desert floor. That's how the Labrador current that was freezing flowed over or into the Gulf Stream, but without mixing. When you get very, very cold water of the type I've been describing, you get the opposite of a desert mirror.

So in the desert, the surface is very hot and light travels faster along the surface and slower in the colder air, slightly higher up. And that causes the light beam to bend upwards. And what that means is it brings a sliver of the sky, bends it down and sort of paints it on the ground in front of you. And then it's your brain that actually thinks it's water.

So in the desert, the surface is very hot and light travels faster along the surface and slower in the colder air, slightly higher up. And that causes the light beam to bend upwards. And what that means is it brings a sliver of the sky, bends it down and sort of paints it on the ground in front of you. And then it's your brain that actually thinks it's water.

The exact same things happens, but in reverse when it's very, very cold on the surface. So what happened is that as you get into this very, very cold Labrador current area, the light, instead of bending upwards and showing you the sky, it bends downwards around the curvature of the Earth and shows you a bit more beyond the horizon. It has the effect of raising the horizon slightly.

The exact same things happens, but in reverse when it's very, very cold on the surface. So what happened is that as you get into this very, very cold Labrador current area, the light, instead of bending upwards and showing you the sky, it bends downwards around the curvature of the Earth and shows you a bit more beyond the horizon. It has the effect of raising the horizon slightly.