Age of Conquest: A Kings and Generals Podcast

2.68 History of the Mongols: Golden Horde #9

07 Mar 2022

Contributed by Lukas

Our previous episode took you through important transformations of the Golden Horde during the long-reign of Özbeg Khan; the islamization, and urbani...

2.67 History of the Mongols: Golden Horde #8

28 Feb 2022

Contributed by Lukas

"Account of the exalted Sultan Muhammad Uzbak Khan.  His name is Muhammad Uzbak, and Khan in their language means 'sultan.' This sultan is mighty in ...

2.66 History of the Mongols: Golden Horde #7

21 Feb 2022

Contributed by Lukas

With the death of Nogai by 1300, one man was now master of the Golden Horde; Toqta, son of Möngke-Temür Khan, great-grandson of Batu, great-great-gr...

2.65 History of the Mongols: Golden Horde #6

14 Feb 2022

Contributed by Lukas

"In [this year] Nogai sent his wife [Yaylaq] Khātūn to the king Țuqṭā with a missive she would carry to him, and advice she would give to him. W...

2.64 History of the Mongols: Golden Horde #5

07 Feb 2022

Contributed by Lukas

"In [this year] Nogai sent his wife [Yaylaq] Khātūn to the king Țuqṭā with a missive she would carry to him, and advice she would give to him. W...

2.63. History of the Mongols: Golden Horde #4

31 Jan 2022

Contributed by Lukas

Kings and Generals: Mongol Empire Podcast Episode 64: Golden Horde #4, Tele-Buqa and the Third Mongol Invasion of Poland       Our previous episod...

History of the Mongols SPECIAL: PhD Stephen Pow on Jebe #2

03 Jan 2022

Contributed by Lukas

Last week you heard the first part of the interview between our series researcher, Jack Wilson, and Dr. Stephen Pow on his theory regarding the death ...

History of the Mongols SPECIAL: PhD Stephen Pow on Jebe #1

27 Dec 2021

Contributed by Lukas

Any experience reading sources from the Mongol Empire will find a frustrating tendency for them to not mention the fates of some of the empire's key f...

2.62. History of the Mongols: Golden Horde #3

20 Dec 2021

Contributed by Lukas

    Perhaps no Khan of the Golden Horde in the thirteenth century has had his reputation so maligned as Töde-Möngke. This younger brother of Mön...

2.61. History of the Mongols: Golden Horde #2

13 Dec 2021

Contributed by Lukas

2.60. History of the Mongols: Golden Horde #1

13 Dec 2021

Contributed by Lukas

Having taken you, our dear listeners, through the Yuan, Chagatayid and Ilkhanates, we now turn our attention to the northwestern corner of the Mongol ...

History of the Mongols SPECIAL: Chinggis Genetic Legacy

15 Nov 2021

Contributed by Lukas

At the start of the twenty-first century, a study was released which brought the thirteenth century starkly into the present. A 2003 study led by Chr...

2.59. History of the Mongols: Franco-Mongol Alliance

11 Oct 2021

Contributed by Lukas

    The Mongols were famous for their ultimatums of destruction and submission. No shortage of thirteenth century states received demands for their...

2.58. History of the Mongols: Fall of the Ilkhanate

04 Oct 2021

Contributed by Lukas

    November, 1335. The Khan of the Ilkhanate, Abu Sa'id Bahadur, is dead. Allegedly poisoned by a spurned wife, Baghdad Khatun, his death was the ...

2.57. History of the Mongols: Mongol-Mamluk Wars

20 Sep 2021

Contributed by Lukas

"Ket Buqa Noyan kept attacking left and right with all zeal. Some encouraged him to flee, but he refused to listen and said, "Death is inevitable. It ...

History of the Mongols SPECIAL: Religious Tolerance

13 Sep 2021

Contributed by Lukas

One of the most enduring images of the Mongolian Empire is that it was a model of religious tolerance, one where each of the Khan's subjects were free...

2.56. History of the Mongols: Ilkhanate #6

30 Aug 2021

Contributed by Lukas

It was this Khudhābandah who embraced Islam [...] when he died, there succeeded to the kingdom his son Abū Sa'īd Bahādur Khān. He was an excellen...

2.55. History of the Mongols: Ilkhanate #5

23 Aug 2021

Contributed by Lukas

Our last episode dealt with the reign of Ghazan Khan, ruler of the Mongol Ilkhanate from 1295 to 1304. A powerful Muslim monarch, Ghazan's reign reinv...

2.54. History of the Mongols: Ilkhanate #4

16 Aug 2021

Contributed by Lukas

Of all the rulers of the Ilkhanate, perhaps none matched the might or the glory of Ghazan. Of a prestigious lineage: son of Arghun Ilkhan, grandson of...

History of the Mongols SPECIAL: Islamization

02 Aug 2021

Contributed by Lukas

    The Mongols were known for unleashing a series of unrelenting horrors upon the Islamic world, from the catastrophic destruction of the Khwarezm...

2.53. History of the Mongols: Ilkhanate #3

26 Jul 2021

Contributed by Lukas

After the death of the Ilkhan Arghun in 1291 at the end of our last episode, the Ilkhanid throne came to Arghun's brother, Geikhatu, the governor of A...

2.52. History of the Mongols: Ilkhanate #2 (FIXED VERSION)

19 Jul 2021

Contributed by Lukas

After the long reign of Abaqa Il-Khan, as covered in our previous episode, the Ilkhanate entered it's somewhat messy "middle period." These are the ye...

2.51. History of the Mongols: Ilkhanate #1

28 Jun 2021

Contributed by Lukas

Now that we have gone through the Yuan Dynasty, Ogedeid Khanate and Chagatai Khanate, our attention comes to the other Mongol Khanate ruled by the des...

2.50. History of the Mongols: Invasions of India

21 Jun 2021

Contributed by Lukas

Back in our 15th episode of this series, we looked at Khwarezmian prince Jalal al-Din Mingburnu's exploits in India in the early 1220s. Having fled th...

2.49. History of the Mongols: Chagatai Khanate #3

14 Jun 2021

Contributed by Lukas

Our previous two episodes have taken you through an overview  of the history of  the Chagatai Khanate, the middle ulus of the Mongol Empire. From it...

2.48. History of the Mongols: Chagatai Khanate #2

31 May 2021

Contributed by Lukas

    While the Chagatai Khanate, the division of the Mongol Empire encompassing much of Central Asia and Northwestern China, has a reputation as the...

2.47. History of the Mongols: Chagatai Khanate #1

24 May 2021

Contributed by Lukas

Having now taken you to the end of Mongol rule in China, we move westwards in our histories of the Mongol Khanates. Our next stop is the middle Khanat...

History of the Mongols SPECIAL: Gunpowder

17 May 2021

Contributed by Lukas

The rapid expansion of the Mongol Empire in the thirteenth century cannot be attributed to a single new military invention providing technological sup...

2.46. History of the Mongols: Rise of Ming

10 May 2021

Contributed by Lukas

With the Yuan Dynasty reduced to an ever shrinking area of land around Dadu in north China, to tell the story of the expulsion of the Mongol rulers in...

2.45. History of the Mongols: Fall of the Yuan

03 May 2021

Contributed by Lukas

In the almost 40 years from the death of Khubilai Khan in February 1294, to the ascension of Toghon Temur Khan in July 1333, nine Khans of the Yuan Dy...

2.44. History of the Mongols: Yuan - From Crisis to Crisis

19 Apr 2021

Contributed by Lukas

After Khuiblai Khan's death in 1294, his successors ruled over the most powerful kingdom on earth, the Yuan Dynasty, controlling all of China and Mong...

History of the Mongols SPECIAL: Dr. John Latham-Sprinkle on the Alans

12 Apr 2021

Contributed by Lukas

The history of the Mongol Empire is not just a history of the Mongols, but the people they interacted with. In today's interview, our series historian...

History of the Mongols SPECIAL: Rabban Bar Sauma

05 Apr 2021

Contributed by Lukas

"There was a certain man who was a believer, and he was a nobleman and a fearer of God. He was rich in the things of this world, and he was well endow...

2.43. History of the Mongols: Death of Khubilai

22 Mar 2021

Contributed by Lukas

The  weight of years will bear down on each of us heavily, from the humblest farmer to the most august monarch. And Khubilai Khan, mighty even among ...

2.42. History of the Mongols: Three Bad Ministers of Khubilai

15 Mar 2021

Contributed by Lukas

"You must know that, as we shall tell you later on, the Great Kaan has entrusted to twelve men the task of attending, as seems best to them, to all te...

2.41. History of the Mongols: Wars of Qaidu

08 Mar 2021

Contributed by Lukas

Qaidu was raised in Chinggis Khan's camp, and after Ogedai Khaan he served in Mongke Khaan's retinue. After him, he was with Ariq Boke, conspiring and...

History of the Mongols SPECIAL: Dr. Michal Holeščák on the archeology of Mongols and Cumans Pt2

01 Mar 2021

Contributed by Lukas

The Mongols were far from the only nomadic peoples to interact with Europe, even in the thirteenth century. Of these, the Cumans are perhaps the most ...

History of the Mongols SPECIAL: Dr. Michal Holeščák on the archeology of Mongols and Cumans in Eastern Europe

22 Feb 2021

Contributed by Lukas

The Mongols were far from the only nomadic peoples to interact with Europe, even in the thirteenth century. Of these, the Cumans are perhaps the most ...

2.40. History of the Mongols: Invasion of Java

15 Feb 2021

Contributed by Lukas

  Around 40 episodes ago, we discussed Chinggis Khan fighting for control of the Mongolian steppe. Now, some 90 years later in our chronology, we wil...

2.39. History of the Mongols: Invasion of Burma

08 Feb 2021

Contributed by Lukas

On a thickly humid day, flanked by dense forest of a deep green, rows of archers astride skittish horses struggle to control their mounts. Their local...

2.38. History of the Mongols: Invasions of Vietnam

01 Feb 2021

Contributed by Lukas

"In the West there is a province called Kafje-Guh, in which there are forests and other places of difficult access. It adjoins Qara-Jang and parts of ...

2.37. History of the Mongols: Kublai Khan's Reign

16 Nov 2020

Contributed by Lukas

"Now I wish to tell you [...] all the very great doings and all the very great marvels of the very great lord of the Tartars, [...] who is called Kubl...

History of the Mongols SPECIAL: Dr. Stephen Pow discusses the terms Mongol and Tatar

09 Nov 2020

Contributed by Lukas

Series researcher Jack Wilson and historian Stephen Pow discuss Pow's explanation for one of the most vexxing issues of Mongolian studies: what is the...

2.36. History of the Mongols: Mongol-Song War #3

02 Nov 2020

Contributed by Lukas

"In the world there is the spirit of righteousness, taking many forms,  bestowed on the ever-changing things. Below they are the rivers and mountains...

History of the Mongols SPECIAL: Subutai

26 Oct 2020

Contributed by Lukas

To coincide with the release of the Kings and Generals Biography video of the Mongol general Subutai, for our podcast we'll present for your listening...

2.35. History of the Mongols: Mongol-Song War #2

19 Oct 2020

Contributed by Lukas

This episode details the Mongol-Song war from the fall of Xiangyang to the capture of Hangzhou in 1276, and the final stand of the infamous Song Chanc...

2.34. History of the Mongols: Mongol-Song War #1

12 Oct 2020

Contributed by Lukas

With the loss of control over the western half of the Mongol Empire, Kublai Khan was left to direct his considerable energies against the single stron...

History of the Mongols SPECIAL: Dr. Michael Hope on the Berke-Hulagu War part 2

05 Oct 2020

Contributed by Lukas

History of the Mongols SPECIAL: Dr. Michael Hope on the Berke-Hulagu War

28 Sep 2020

Contributed by Lukas

2.33. History of the Mongols: Berke-Hulagu War

21 Sep 2020

Contributed by Lukas

As Kublai Khan and Ariq Boke fought for the Grand Khanate in the east, in the western half of the Mongol Empire another dramatic war broke out. This w...

History of the Mongols SPECIAL: Dr. Martin Bauch and Dr. Stephen Pow

14 Sep 2020

Contributed by Lukas

2.32. History of the Mongols: Toluid Civil War

07 Sep 2020

Contributed by Lukas

Mongke Khaan was dead. Over his 8 year reign, he had ruled the Mongol Empire firmly, strengthening government and renewing the conquests. Yet had not ...

History of the Mongols SPECIAL: Interview with Dr. Timothy May

31 Aug 2020

Contributed by Lukas

2.31. History of the Mongols: Death of Mongke

24 Aug 2020

Contributed by Lukas

Now that we've taken you through Hulegu's campaigns during Mongke's reign, it's time we cut back east to Mongke himself, and the Mongol invasion of th...

2.30. History of the Mongols: Battle of Ain Jalut

17 Aug 2020

Contributed by Lukas

"From the King of Kings of East and West, the supreme Khan:  In your name, O God, who stretched out the earth and lifted up the heavens; Qutuz is of ...

2.29. History of the Mongols: Hulagu and the sack of Baghdad

10 Aug 2020

Contributed by Lukas

In the dusty flood plain, 100,000 men and many times that in horses surround the walls of Baghdad. Catapults lob stones relentlessly into the city wal...

2.28. History of the Mongols: Hulagu and the Hashashins

03 Aug 2020

Contributed by Lukas

Before we get into this week's episode, I want to give a shout out to another podcast that we've recently discovered here at Ages of Conquest! Pax Bri...

2.27. History of the Mongols: Consequences of Invasion of Japan

27 Jul 2020

Contributed by Lukas

Most popular discussions of the Mongol invasions of Japan simply end with the typhoon of 1281 wiping out the Yuan fleet off the coast of Kyushu. This ...

2.26. History of the Mongols: Samurai who fought the Mongols twice

20 Jul 2020

Contributed by Lukas

For most who experienced the Mongol invasions first hand, it was a sight of untold horror, an unstoppable enemy bringing fire and ruin. For Takezaki S...

2.25. History of the Mongols: Invasion of Japan and Battle of Tsushima

15 Jul 2020

Contributed by Lukas

For the release of the new Sucker Punch video game, Ghost of Tsushima, which depicts a lone samurai defending a Japanese island from Mongol invaders, ...

2.24. History of the Mongols: Invasions of Korea

13 Jul 2020

Contributed by Lukas

Had you to guess a kingdom to offer decades of resistance to the Mongols at the height of their power, Korea might not have been high on your list. Si...

2.23. History of the Mongols: Reign of Grand Khan Mongke

06 Jul 2020

Contributed by Lukas

From Anatolia to Central China; from northern Korea to the eastern edge of Europe; from the forests of Siberia to the borders of India.  This was the...

2.22. History of the Mongols: Europeans in the Mongol Empire

29 Jun 2020

Contributed by Lukas

Especially in modern textbooks and broad historical surveys, the Mongol withdrawal from Europe in 1242 is presented as the Mongols 'disappearing into ...

2.21. History of the Mongols: Guyuk and the Toluid Revolution

22 Jun 2020

Contributed by Lukas

You could be forgiven for not knowing the name of Guyuk Khan. Guyuk, as Great Khan of the Mongol Empire since 1246, makes a poor figure compared to th...

2.20. History of the Mongols: Death of Ogedei

15 Jun 2020

Contributed by Lukas

Over our previous few episodes, we've taken you from the ascension of Ogedai as Great Khan in 1229 to a whirlwind journey of conquests across Asia. Th...

History of the Mongols SPECIAL: Interview with Dr. Stephen Pow

08 Jun 2020

Contributed by Lukas

2.19. History of the Mongols: Mongol Occupation of Europe

01 Jun 2020

Contributed by Lukas

For two days' walk a trail of corpses lead from the bridge over the Sajo River. Arrows protruding from fallen Hungarians, limbs bent at unnatural angl...

2.18. History of the Mongols: Legnica and Mohi

25 May 2020

Contributed by Lukas

"I, Khan, the emissary of the heavenly king, to whom he gave power over the earth to lift up those who subject themselves to me and lay low those who ...

2.17. History of the Mongols: Fall of Rus

18 May 2020

Contributed by Lukas

"And from thence they proceeded to the land of the Rus and conquered that country as far as the city of Magas, in the inhabitants of which were as num...

2.16. History of the Mongols: To Russia with Hate

11 May 2020

Contributed by Lukas

Had you a bird's eye view of the Eurasian steppe in 1236, you could have watched an unparalleled sight.  Perhaps more than 100,000 mounted warriors s...

2.15. History of the Mongols: Mongols went down to Georgia

04 May 2020

Contributed by Lukas

    While Ogedai Khaan led his armies in the final war against the Jurchen Jin Dynasty, covered in our previous episode, this was far from the only...

2.14. History of the Mongols: Fall of the Jin

27 Apr 2020

Contributed by Lukas

A desperate, starving crowd of thousands presses together, smothering each other in the narrow city streets; defenders clad it broken or hastily repai...

2.13. History of the Mongols: Reign of Ogedei

20 Apr 2020

Contributed by Lukas

The crowd that had assembled was mighty. The princes, sons, and generals from across the Mongol Empire had collected on the Kerulen [Хэрлэн] riv...

2.12. History of the Mongols: Last Years of Chinggis Khan

13 Apr 2020

Contributed by Lukas

We've now covered Chinggis Khan's conquest of much of the Jin Dynasty and the Khwarezmian Empire, leaving him with an empire stretching from the Caspi...

2.11. History of the Mongols: Chinggis Khan's Quest for Eternal Life

06 Apr 2020

Contributed by Lukas

"Heaven has abandoned China owing to its haughtiness and extravagant luxury. But I, living in the northern wilderness, have not inordinate passions. I...

2.10. History of the Mongols: Jebe and Subutai

30 Mar 2020

Contributed by Lukas

    "And thus, for our sins God put misunderstanding into us, and a countless number of  people perished, and there was lamentation and weeping an...

2.9. History of the Mongols: Fall of Khwarezm

23 Mar 2020

Contributed by Lukas

"For some years I continued averse from mentioning this event, deeming it so horrible that I shrank from recording it and ever withdrawing one foot as...

2.8. History of the Mongols: Movin' West

16 Mar 2020

Contributed by Lukas

In our previous episode, we covered the whirlwind campaign of Chinggis Khan and his generals against the Jin Dynasty of North China from 1211-1215. Ch...

2.7. History of the Mongols: Invasion of Jin

09 Mar 2020

Contributed by Lukas

Columns of Mongol rider, armed with bow, lance and mace, march through the dark defiles and narrow valleys of the Yan mountains, a confined route for ...

2.6. History of the Mongols: Conquests Begin

02 Mar 2020

Contributed by Lukas

Rain. The constant, incessant rains of autumn.  A wide brown river, its water swirling and churning, now overflowing its banks due to the rain. A gre...

2.5. History of the Mongols: Rise of Chinggis Khan

24 Feb 2020

Contributed by Lukas

Surely, you have heard of the phrase 'rags to riches,' indicating the rise from abject poverty to untold wealth? You may be interested in its 13th cen...

2.4. History of the Mongols: Tribes of Mongolia

17 Feb 2020

Contributed by Lukas

I'm your host David and welcome to Ages of Conquest: a Kings and Generals Podcast.  This is the Mongol conquests. Before we get into all that materia...

2.3. History of the Mongols: Introduction To 13th Century China

10 Feb 2020

Contributed by Lukas

Contrary to some popular internet opinions, the Mongol Empire was not an unprecedented, utterly unique presence on the stage of world history. It was ...

2.2. History of the Mongols: Nomadism

03 Feb 2020

Contributed by Lukas

Nomadism! It is a term closely  associated with the Mongols and other inner Asian peoples of the vast Eurasian steppe-lands.  Yet what does it entai...

2.1. History of the Mongols: Intro

03 Feb 2020

Contributed by Lukas

In the smoke filled air, the cries of men and women reach towards Eternal Blue Heaven as horsemen ride over ruined city walls. The men of fighting age...

1.22. Wars of the Diadochi: The End

06 Jan 2020

Contributed by Lukas

1.21. Wars of the Diadochi: Battle of Ipsus

30 Dec 2019

Contributed by Lukas

1.20. Wars of the Diadochi: Demetrius against Cassander

09 Dec 2019

Contributed by Lukas

1.19. Wars of the Diadochi: Siege of Rhodes

04 Nov 2019

Contributed by Lukas

1.18. Wars of the Diadochi: Antigonus Attacks Egypt

14 Oct 2019

Contributed by Lukas

1.17. Wars of the Diadochi: The Rise of Ptolemy

07 Oct 2019

Contributed by Lukas

1.16. Wars of the Diadochi: Fourth War - Cyprus

23 Sep 2019

Contributed by Lukas

1.15. Wars of the Diadochi: Fourth War - Beginning

16 Sep 2019

Contributed by Lukas

1.14. Wars of the Diadochi: Babylonian War

02 Sep 2019

Contributed by Lukas

1.13. Wars of the Diadochi: Battle of Gaza

19 Aug 2019

Contributed by Lukas

1.12. Wars of the Diadochi: Antigonus - Challenges and Opportunities

12 Aug 2019

Contributed by Lukas

1.11. Wars of the Diadochi: The Rise of Cassander

05 Aug 2019

Contributed by Lukas

1.10. Wars of the Diadochi: Antigonus and Eumenes III - Final Clash

22 Jul 2019

Contributed by Lukas

1.9. Wars of the Diadochi: Antigonus and Eumenes II

15 Jul 2019

Contributed by Lukas

1.8. Wars of the Diadochi: Antigonus and Eumenes

02 Jul 2019

Contributed by Lukas