Climate Rising
Episodes
Scaling High-Integrity Nature-Based Carbon Removal with re.green
22 Dec 2025
Contributed by Lukas
Marcelo Medeiros, co-founder and CEO of re.green, joins Climate Rising to discuss how his company is restoring millions of hectares of degraded land i...
Tata Power and India's Energy Transition: Balancing Growth and Decarbonization
10 Dec 2025
Contributed by Lukas
As bonus episode of Climate Rising, we feature a conversation among Tata Power CEO Dr. Praveer Sinha, Harvard Business School Professor Vikram Gandhi,...
Decarbonizing Steel in the Global South: JSW Group’s Climate Strategy
26 Nov 2025
Contributed by Lukas
Parth Jindal and Prabodha Acharya of JSW Group join Climate Rising to discuss how one of India’s largest industrial conglomerates is reducing the ca...
De-Risking Climate Tech: Inside the Massachusetts Clean Energy Center with Galen Nelson
12 Nov 2025
Contributed by Lukas
Galen Nelson, Chief Climate Officer at the Massachusetts Clean Energy Center (MassCEC) explains how the state is helping accelerate climate innovation...
Governing Climate Action: Massachusetts’ Strategy for Decarbonization and Resilience
29 Oct 2025
Contributed by Lukas
Jonathan Schrag, Deputy Climate Chief for the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, joins Climate Rising to discuss how the state is tackling emissions, elec...
How Crusoe is Reducing the Carbon Intensity of AI Data Centers
15 Oct 2025
Contributed by Lukas
Hui Wen Chan, Senior Director of Sustainability at Crusoe, describes how the rapid rise of AI is reshaping energy demand and Crusoe’s efforts to des...
Scaling Carbon Capture for Hard-to-abate sectors: Danielle Rapson of Mantel
01 Oct 2025
Contributed by Lukas
Danielle Rapson, HBS alum and Co-founder and COO of Mantel, joins Climate Rising to explain how her company is developing a novel molten-based carbon ...
Building Climate-Resilient Farming with Robotics: Eric Adamson of Oishii and Tortuga
17 Sep 2025
Contributed by Lukas
Eric Adamson, Robotics Executive at Oishii and co-founder of Tortuga AgTech, joins Climate Rising to share how automation and AI are transforming frui...
Microsoft ’s Climate Strategy and Its Carbon Removal Deal with Chestnut Carbon
10 Sep 2025
Contributed by Lukas
Microsoft’s Brian Marrs, Senior Director of Energy and Carbon Removal, and Chestnut Carbon CFO Greg Adams share their perspectives as a major buyer ...
Reducing Household Emissions with Dishwashing Innovation: A Conversation with P&G ’ s Ashley Fill
27 Aug 2025
Contributed by Lukas
Ashley Fill, Global Director of Sustainability at P&G Home Care joins Climate Rising to discuss how consumer behavior and innovative technologies can ...
AI for Climate Resilient Food Systems with ClimateAi’s Himanshu Gupta
13 Aug 2025
Contributed by Lukas
ClimateAi co-founder and CEO Himanshu Gupta explains how his company uses machine learning to forecast extreme weather and help businesses adapt to cl...
Designing for Resilience: with Alex Berkowitz of Coastal Protection Services
30 Jul 2025
Contributed by Lukas
This episode is another in our series on Climate Resilience featuring Alex Berkowitz, Founder and CEO of Coastal Protection Solutions (CPS), a startup...
Investing in Climate Resilience and Poverty Alleviation: Acumen Founder & CEO Jacqueline Novogratz
16 Jul 2025
Contributed by Lukas
In this Climate Rising episode in our series on climate resilience, Jacqueline Novogratz, Founder and CEO of Acumen shares how impact investing is agr...
Forecasting Climate Risk with Geospatial AI: Sarah Russell of X , the Moonshot Factory at Alphabet
02 Jul 2025
Contributed by Lukas
This episode, part of the Climate Rising series on climate resilience, features Sarah Russell, General Manager of Project Bellwether at X, The Moonsho...
Closing the Loop by Recycling Apparel: Reju CEO Patrik Frisk
18 Jun 2025
Contributed by Lukas
Patrik Frisk, CEO of ReJu, joins Climate Rising to discuss his company’s mission to recycle textile waste and build circular supply chains for appar...
Extending Apparel Lifespan: ThredUp CEO James Reinhart
04 Jun 2025
Contributed by Lukas
James Reinhart, CEO of ThredUp, one of the largest online resale platforms for secondhand clothing. James co-founded the company while he was a Master...
Designing for Circularity at Scale: A Conversation with Karen Pflug of Ingka Group
21 May 2025
Contributed by Lukas
In the latest episode of Climate Rising from Harvard Business School, Karen Pflug, Chief Sustainability Officer of Ingka Group (IKEA), shares how IKEA...
Advancing the Circular Economy: A Conversation with Lauren Rodriguez of Closed Loop Partners
07 May 2025
Contributed by Lukas
Lauren Rodriguez, who leads partnerships at Circular Services, a Closed Loop Partners company, joins host Mike Toffel to discuss building the infrastr...
Scaling Reuse with Vytal: A Circular Economy Conversation with CEO Fabian Barthel
23 Apr 2025
Contributed by Lukas
Fabian Barthel, Co-Founder of Vytal, a circular economy packaging-as-a-service startup, joins host Mike Toffel to explore the innovation, behavioral s...
Carbon Credit Ratings and Market Integrity: A Conversation on the Calyx Global Case
09 Apr 2025
Contributed by Lukas
In this bonus episode of Climate Rising, we share an episode from Harvard Business School’s Cold Call podcast, featuring HBS professor Mike Toffel a...
Investing in Carbon Markets: A Conversation with Luke Leslie of Key Carbon
26 Mar 2025
Contributed by Lukas
Luke Leslie, Co-Founder and CEO of Key Carbon, joins Climate Rising as part of our series on voluntary carbon markets. Luke has spent over 20 years in...
Navigating Carbon Markets: A Conversation with Alexia Kelly of High Tide Foundation
12 Mar 2025
Contributed by Lukas
Alexia Kelly, Managing Director of the Carbon Policy and Markets Initiative (CPMI) at theHigh Tide Foundation, joins host Mike Toffel for the fifth ep...
Enhancing Integrity Standards in Carbon Markets: A Conversation with Amy Merrill of ICVCM
26 Feb 2025
Contributed by Lukas
Amy Merrill, CEO of the Integrity Council for the Voluntary Carbon Market (ICVCM) joins host Mike Toffel in this fourth episode of the Climate Rising ...
Strengthening Carbon Claims via the Voluntary Carbon Markets Integrity Initiative (VCMI): A Conversation with Mark Kenber
12 Feb 2025
Contributed by Lukas
This episode, the third in our series on Voluntary Carbon Markets, features Mark Kenber, Executive Director of the Voluntary Carbon Markets Integrity ...
The Potential and Challenges of the Voluntary Carbon Market
29 Jan 2025
Contributed by Lukas
Our second episode on the voluntary carbon market is a bonus episode of a panel discussion recorded at Harvard Climate Action Week in 2024. Harvard Ke...
Building Integrity in Carbon Markets: A Conversation with Jennifer Jenkins of Rubicon Carbon
15 Jan 2025
Contributed by Lukas
Dr. Jennifer Jenkins, Chief Science Officer at Rubicon Carbon, joins our host Mike to talk about the critical role of voluntary carbon markets in achi...
Accelerating Battery Innovation with AI: A Conversation with Argonne’s Logan Ward
01 Jan 2025
Contributed by Lukas
Logan Ward, Deputy Scientist at Argonne National Laboratory, joins host Mike Toffel to discuss how AI is transforming the discovery process for new ma...
Using AI and Satellite Data to Transform Agriculture: A Conversation with Alyssa Whitcraft
18 Dec 2024
Contributed by Lukas
Dr. Alyssa Whitcraft is a professor at University of Maryland and a leading expert in agricultural remote sensing and climate adaptation. Dr. Whitcraf...
Using AI to Fight Wildfires: How Dryad Networks is Scaling Climate Technology
04 Dec 2024
Contributed by Lukas
Carsten Brinkschulte is the CEO of Dryad, a company that leverages AI to detect wildfires early and prevent catastrophic damage. Carsten shares his jo...
Using AI to Optimize Energy Demand
20 Nov 2024
Contributed by Lukas
In this episode, host Mike Toffel speaks with Pasi Miettinen, CEO of Sagewell, a company that uses AI to help utilities and their customers manage ene...
A Preview of COP29: What Business Leaders Should Know with Outrage & Optimism Co-hosts
06 Nov 2024
Contributed by Lukas
In this episode, host Mike Toffel sits down with Paul Dickinson and Tom Rivett-Carnac, co-hosts of the climate podcast Outrage & Optimism, to preview ...
How Public Policy Can Drive Climate Innovation and Business Opportunities: A Conversation with USEPA’s David Cash
30 Oct 2024
Contributed by Lukas
David Cash, the Regional Director of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) for New England, shares his journey from environmental science t...
BCG Global Chair Rich Lesser: How Businesses Can be “Bold and Pragmatic” on Climate Change
23 Oct 2024
Contributed by Lukas
Rich Lesser, Global Chair of Boston Consulting Group (BCG), shares how BCG is helping clients walk the walk with net-zero commitments, transition to s...
Joel Makower @ Greenbiz
09 Oct 2024
Contributed by Lukas
This is the fourth episode in our series on business and climate change in the media and entertainment industry, where we’re diving into the busines...
Sam Read, Sustainable Entertainment Alliance
25 Sep 2024
Contributed by Lukas
This episode is the third in our series on how the media and entertainment industries are integrating climate change into their storytelling and TV sh...
Telling Climate Stories at Scale: Netflix's Strategy for Sustainability and Impact
11 Sep 2024
Contributed by Lukas
In this episode of Climate Rising, we explore how Netflix, a global entertainment powerhouse, is leveraging its platform to tell compelling stories ab...
CNN Chief Climate Correspondent Bill Weir: Media's Role in Shaping Climate Action
28 Aug 2024
Contributed by Lukas
This episode is the first of our latest series on climate in media and entertainment, where we explore and understand the role of storytelling in shap...
Drawdown Fund: Scaling the Impact of Climate Technology
14 Aug 2024
Contributed by Lukas
Erik Snyder, Founder and CEO of Drawdown Fund discusses financing climate tech startups through growth equity. He describes how he started the Drawdow...
Decarbonizing Fashionable Materials
17 Jul 2024
Contributed by Lukas
Today’s episode focuses on some innovative alternative low-carbon natural materials being used in fashion. Bolt Threads CEO Dan Widmaier describes M...
A Biotech Solution to Palm Oil Deforestation
03 Jul 2024
Contributed by Lukas
Today’s episode is the fifth in our series on decarbonizing the roots of value chains, where we’re looking deep into supply chains that serve many...
How Lab - Grown Cotton can Decarbonize Textiles
19 Jun 2024
Contributed by Lukas
Today’s episode is the fourth in our series on decarbonizing the roots of value chains, where we’re looking deep into supply chains that serve man...
Regenerative Agriculture and “The Profiteers” with Cambridge Professor Chris Marquis
05 Jun 2024
Contributed by Lukas
Today’s episode is the third in our series on decarbonizing the roots of value chains, where we’re looking deep into supply chains that serve many...
H2 Green Steel: Decarbonizing Steel Production with Green Hydrogen
22 May 2024
Contributed by Lukas
This episode is a part of our series on decarbonizing the roots of value chains, where we’re looking deep into supply chains that serve many industr...
Green Concrete: Decarbonizing Construction with Recycled Glass
08 May 2024
Contributed by Lukas
The first of a series on decarbonizing the roots of value chains, where we’re looking deep into supply chains that serve many industries, this episo...
Helping Companies Become More Climate Resilient
24 Apr 2024
Contributed by Lukas
In this episode in our adaptation series, Peter Hall, Managing Director at Resonance Impact Advisory, draws upon his experience in global engineering ...
How Insurance Companies are Addressing Climate Risks
10 Apr 2024
Contributed by Lukas
This episode in our adaptation series focuses climate change’s implications on the insurance industry. Claudine Blamey, Group Director of Sustainabi...
Building Climate - Resilient Cities and Infrastructure
27 Mar 2024
Contributed by Lukas
This episode in our climate adaptation series features HBS Professor John Macomber. John discusses how companies and governments need to incorporate c...
The Lightsmith Group’s Adaptation Investment Strategy
13 Mar 2024
Contributed by Lukas
This episode continues our series on adaptation, and features Jay Koh who co-founded the Lightsmith Group, the first growth private equity firm focuse...
Visualizing our Changing Climate with Probable Futures
28 Feb 2024
Contributed by Lukas
In this first episode of our series on adaptation, host Mike Toffel sits down with Spencer Glendon and Alison Smart of Probable Futures. They discuss ...
Raízen’s Decarbonization Strategy
14 Feb 2024
Contributed by Lukas
The bonus episode of the Climate Rising features an episode of HBR’s Cold Call podcast featuring a discussion on ethanol, a biofuel with a complex h...
Decarbonizing Industrial Processes with Material Science
31 Jan 2024
Contributed by Lukas
This episode continues Climate Rising's hard-to-abate series, and features Shreya Dave, CEO and Co-founder of Via Separations. Shreya describes how he...
Decarbonizing Aviation with McKinsey
17 Jan 2024
Contributed by Lukas
This episode in our hard-to-abate series features aviation expert Robin Riedel, a Partner at McKinsey & Company who co-leads the McKinsey Center for F...
The Health Risks of Natural Gas Stoves
03 Jan 2024
Contributed by Lukas
This bonus episode of Climate Rising features an episode from the Harvard Chan School of Public Health's podcast "Better Off" that explores the inters...
Sweden’s Northvolt Quest to Build the World’s Greenest EV Batteries
20 Dec 2023
Contributed by Lukas
This bonus episode of Climate Rising features an episode of Harvard Business Review’s Cold Cast podcast with Brian Kenny interviewing HBS professor ...
How Green Hydrogen can Decarbonize Hard-to-Abate Sectors
06 Dec 2023
Contributed by Lukas
The third in our series on hard-to-abate sectors, this episode features Jacob Susman, CEO and co-founder of Ambient Fuels, a developer of green hydrog...
CarbonBuilt: Decarbonizing Concrete Blocks
22 Nov 2023
Contributed by Lukas
The second episode of our hard-to-abate series features Rahul Shendure, CEO and Director at CarbonBuilt. The company has developed and commercialized...
Einride: Decarbonizing Trucking with EVs, Automony, and Digitalization
08 Nov 2023
Contributed by Lukas
This first episode of our hard-to-abate series features Linnéa Kornehed Falck, Einride's Founder, Deputy CEO and Board Member. Einride is launching a...
How Sian Flowers Aims to Create a Low-Carbon Rose
25 Oct 2023
Contributed by Lukas
This bonus episode of Climate Rising features Harvard Business Review’s Cold Cast podcast with Brian Kenny interviewing HBS professors Willy Shih an...
Three MBA Summer Interns in Business and Climate Change
11 Oct 2023
Contributed by Lukas
The final episode of our 2023 back-to-business school series features three Harvard Business School MBA students: Nabig Chaudhry, Mitch Hirai, and Kam...
How Boards Can Drive Climate Performance
27 Sep 2023
Contributed by Lukas
As part of our 2023 back-to-business school series, this episode features a session from Harvard’s Climate Action Week in May 2023. Moderated by HBS...
How Arcos Dorados is Addressing Climate Change in Latin America
13 Sep 2023
Contributed by Lukas
Today’s episode is the first in our 2023 back-to-business school series. The episode features Gabriel Serber, Vice President of Social Impact and Su...
An Investor’s Perspective on Corporate Climate Action
30 Aug 2023
Contributed by Lukas
Today’s episode in our corporate net zero climate series features Paul Bodnar, Director of Sustainable Finance, Industry, and Diplomacy, Bezos Earth...
Helping Consumers Decarbonize their Purchases
16 Aug 2023
Contributed by Lukas
Today’s episode in our corporate net zero climate series features HBS alumna Sanchali Pal, Founder and CEO of Commons, an app created to help consum...
Going Carbon Negative at Microsoft
02 Aug 2023
Contributed by Lukas
Formerly Microsoft’s Chief Environmental Officer, and now Chief Sustainability Officer & Senior Managing Director at Haveli Investments, Lucas Joppa...
Managing Electricity to Meet Net Zero Targets
19 Jul 2023
Contributed by Lukas
In this episode, Melissa Lott, Director of Research and Senior Research Scholar, Center on Global Energy Policy at Columbia University, and Michael We...
How Science Based Climate Targets Work
05 Jul 2023
Contributed by Lukas
Today’s episode features Alberto Carrillo Pineda, Co-Founder and Chief Technical Officer of the Science Based Targets Initiative explains how they h...
BCG Climate Vision 2050: Sustainability at 36,000 Feet
21 Jun 2023
Contributed by Lukas
For the second episode in our series on corporate net zero programs, we’re sharing an episode on airline decarbonization from the Climate Vision 205...
Beyond Net Zero: How Seventh Generation Plans to Achieve Real Zero Carbon
07 Jun 2023
Contributed by Lukas
In this first episode in a new series on companies setting and meeting net zero climate targets, Ashley Orgain, Chief Impact Officer at Seventh Genera...
How BMW is Driving Decarbonization
24 May 2023
Contributed by Lukas
This bonus episode of Climate Rising features Harvard Business Review’s Cold Cast podcast with Brian Kenny interviewing HBS professor Shirley Lu on ...
Can We Really Engineer a Climate Fix?
17 May 2023
Contributed by Lukas
Today, as a bonus, we’re sharing an episode of the Skydeck podcast that features interviews with HBS alumni where they share lessons learned and th...
How OPower Uses Behavioral Science & AI to Reduce Energy Demand
10 May 2023
Contributed by Lukas
In this sixth episode in our series on climate change and artificial intelligence (AI), Paul McDonald, Senior Director, Opower Product Strategy & Mark...
Climate Adaptation & Supply Chains: Everstream Analytics’ AI Solution
26 Apr 2023
Contributed by Lukas
In this fifth episode in our series on climate change and artificial intelligence (AI), Jim Hayden, Chief Data Scientist at Everstream Analytics, disc...
Ideon: Mining the Energy Transition
12 Apr 2023
Contributed by Lukas
In this fourth episode in our series on climate change and artificial intelligence (AI), Gary Agnew, CEO and Co-founder of Ideon Technologies Inc, and...
WeaveGrid's AI Solution for EV-to-Grid Integration
29 Mar 2023
Contributed by Lukas
In this third episode in our series on climate change and artificial intelligence (AI), Apoorv Bhargava, CEO and co-founder of WeaveGrid, a company th...
Google’s AI Approach to Climate Change
15 Mar 2023
Contributed by Lukas
In this second episode in our series on climate change and AI, Yossi Matias, Vice President, Engineering & Research at Google, and the founding Managi...
How BCG Uses AI to Address Climate Change
01 Mar 2023
Contributed by Lukas
In this first episode in a new series on climate change and AI, Hamid Maher and Charlotte Degot, Managing Directors and Partners at Boston Consulting ...
Accelerating Climate Solutions for Food & Agriculture
15 Feb 2023
Contributed by Lukas
This special episode features a discussion on solving the challenges climate change poses to food & agriculture, recorded as part of the HBS Short Int...
Climate Tech Investing in Deep Decarbonization
01 Feb 2023
Contributed by Lukas
This bonus episode features Harvard Business Review’s Exponential View podcast, where Azeem Azhar interviews climate tech investor Shayle Kann, a pa...
Accelerating the Energy Transition: The U.S. Inflation Reduction Act
18 Jan 2023
Contributed by Lukas
This bonus episode features the Harvard Law School Environmental and Energy Law Program’s CleanLaw podcast, where professors Jody Freeman (Harvard) ...
A Lookback at COP27: How Do Companies Engage in Global Climate Policy?
28 Dec 2022
Contributed by Lukas
Nat Keohane, President of the Center for Climate and Energy Solutions, discusses how companies participate in global climate talks and policy developm...
Nature-based Carbon Removal: DroneSeed’s Reforestation Model
14 Dec 2022
Contributed by Lukas
Grant Canary, CEO of DroneSeed, a startup company designed to accelerate reforestation after wildfires, shares his perspective on the landscape of nat...
Tech-based Carbon Removal: Sustaera’s Direct Air Capture
30 Nov 2022
Contributed by Lukas
Shantanu Agarwal, Co-Founder and Director of Sustaera, a startup company developing a Direct Air Capture technology to remove carbon from the atmosphe...
U.S. DOE’s Jigar Shah & the State of Carbon Removal
16 Nov 2022
Contributed by Lukas
Jigar Shah, Director of the U.S. Department of Energy’s Loan Programs Office, shares some of the technical and finance challenges and opportunities ...
McKinsey's Climate Consulting
02 Nov 2022
Contributed by Lukas
Daniel Pacthod, Senior Partner and global co-leader of McKinsey Sustainability, shares how the company works with its clients to address climate risk ...
Bain’s Climate Consulting
19 Oct 2022
Contributed by Lukas
Cate Hight, an expert partner in Bain’s Sustainability & Responsibility and Energy & Natural Resources practices, shares how the company’s strateg...
Deloitte’s Climate Practice
05 Oct 2022
Contributed by Lukas
Jennifer Steinmann, Global Sustainability and Climate Practice Leader at Deloitte, shares how Deloitte’s professionals work with companies to help t...
McDonald’s’ Climate Change Efforts
21 Sep 2022
Contributed by Lukas
In this special episode produced jointly with the Degrees podcast, Jenny McColloch, McDonald’s Chief Sustainability Officer, shares the challenges o...
How Environmental Defense Fund Engages Companies on Climate Policy
07 Sep 2022
Contributed by Lukas
Victoria Mills, Managing Director of Environmental Defense Fund’s EDF+Biz program discusses how some companies are starting to advocate for more str...
How CDP Drives Corporate Climate Disclosure
24 Aug 2022
Contributed by Lukas
Paul Dickinson, Founder Chair, CDP, shares how CDP works with investors to drive companies toward greater transparency by disclosing carbon emissions ...
How Ceres Supports Corporate Boards to Accelerate Climate Action
10 Aug 2022
Contributed by Lukas
Steven Rothstein, Managing Director, Ceres Accelerator for Sustainable Capital Markets, shares how Ceres works with corporate boards to facilitate sys...
How RMI Collaborates with Companies to Accelerate the Energy Transition
27 Jul 2022
Contributed by Lukas
Jules Kortnenhorst, CEO of RMI, shares how RMI works with companies in the transportation, cement, and steel sectors to encourage the rapid energy tra...
How World Wildlife Fund Partners with Companies on Climate Change
13 Jul 2022
Contributed by Lukas
Carter Roberts, President/CEO of World Wildlife Fund-US, shares what successful climate collaborations between companies and environmental nongovernme...
How New Belgium is Fighting Climate Change One Pint at a Time
18 May 2022
Contributed by Lukas
Katie Wallace, Chief ESG Officer of New Belgium Brewing Company, and Adam Fetcher, Senior Director of Communications and Public Engagement, discuss ho...
How Footwear Startup Allbirds is Decarbonizing Fashion
04 May 2022
Contributed by Lukas
In this bonus episode, sustainable footwear brand Allbirds co-founder and co-CEO Joey Zwillinger, Prof. Michael Toffel, and Cold Call host Brian Kenny...
XPRIZE: Accelerating Climate Change Solutions
20 Apr 2022
Contributed by Lukas
Marcius Extavour, XPRIZE’s VP-Climate and Energy, discusses how his organization designs competitions to spur innovations for carbon removal and car...
How Harvard is Going Fossil-Fuel Free
06 Apr 2022
Contributed by Lukas
Jaclyn Olsen, Associate Director of Harvard’s Office for Sustainability, and Erin Craig, Vice President of 3 Degrees, a climate solutions firm hired...
Strengthening Carbon Offsets: The Oxford Offsetting Principles
23 Mar 2022
Contributed by Lukas
Myles Allen, Professor of Geosystem Science at the University of Oxford and Director of the Oxford Net Zero initiative, discusses the controversy over...
The Aspen Institute’s Shipping Decarbonization Initiative
09 Mar 2022
Contributed by Lukas
Ingrid Irigoyen, Director of the Aspen Institute Shipping Decarbonization Initiative, discussesthe importance of decarbonizing global maritime shippin...
Supply Chain Decarbonization: Walmart’s Project Gigaton
23 Feb 2022
Contributed by Lukas
Kathleen McLaughlin, Chief Sustainability Office at Walmart, Inc. and President of the WalmartFoundation, discusses how Walmart plans to achieve its g...
How BlocPower is Decarbonizing Buildings
09 Feb 2022
Contributed by Lukas
Donnel Baird, founder and CEO of BlocPower, a climate tech startup, describes why decarbonizing the buildings sector is both a challenge and an opport...