Crypto-Assets: Lending, Borrowing, Staking, DeFi Developments & Risks

Crypto lending, borrowing, and staking involve users transferring crypto-assets in exchange for collateral or future returns. This system, along with Decentralised Finance (DeFi), aims to replicate traditional finance on blockchain networks, but without intermediaries. The EU's engagement with DeFi is currently limited, with the main activities being staking, lending, borrowing, and exchanging crypto-assets. However, potential risks exist including money laundering, market volatility, and ICT vulnerabilities, particularly those concerning smart contracts. Consumer protection is also a concern due to misleading information and insufficient disclosures. Regulators like the EBA and ESMA are monitoring these developments, and the European Commission is considering the implications, especially regarding consumer protection and financial stability.

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