Under the Wall

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Criminal 37 min 5 speakers transcribed
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Helena Merriman 0:00
Support for Criminal comes from BetterHelp. Fall isn't my favorite time of year. I like summer. And when fall comes around, the days are getting shorter, vacations are behind us, and there's a sort of back-to-school anxiety in the air. If you haven't been feeling like yourself, you could consider a session with a licensed therapist. It's entirely online, designed to be convenient, and suited to you and your schedule. Visit BetterHelp.com slash criminal today to get 10% off your first month. That's BetterHelp, H-E-L-P dot com slash criminal.
Unknown Speaker 0:32
Hurricane Helene has caused tens of billions of dollars in damages. Hurricane Milton could be even worse. And insurance companies are jacking up prices all across the country.
Joachim Rudolph 0:44
As someone in the insurance industry, intellectually, I understand it. But as a homeowner, it's awful. It really sucks.
Unknown Speaker 0:50
This week on Unexplainable, as the world keeps getting warmer and storms keep getting worse, Is our future uninsurable? There's a breaking point coming. Follow Unexplainable for new episodes every Wednesday.
Phoebe Judge 1:05
Siobhan is in love. She and her boyfriend are maybe thinking wedding bells. And even though there's no one she'd rather be with, she still wonders, what's the chance of this lasting? How do you get from that point to also being like, I cannot stand you, to the point that I want to cut my ties with you? This week on Explain It To Me, we find out, are we less likely to get divorced than our parents? Follow Explain It To Me wherever you get your podcasts. New episodes every Wednesday.
Helena Merriman 1:41
In October of 1961, Joachim Rudolph was a college student going to school in West Berlin.
Unknown Speaker 1:47
One day, he's in his dorm room and there's a knock on the door.
Helena Merriman 1:51
It was just two months after the Berlin Wall had gone up overnight. Even the people building the wall hadn't known about it beforehand.
Unknown Speaker 2:00
So it took everyone by surprise.
Helena Merriman 2:02
Helena Merriman is a journalist and author.
Unknown Speaker 2:05
The commanders who were in charge of this had no idea that they were about to do this until that evening when they opened these envelopes, these secret envelopes, and they'd given their instructions. And in the dead of night, at around one in the morning, this operation begins. The street lamps are switched off. They don't want anyone to see what's about to happen. And you have soldiers driving across these border points, pulling out coils of barbed wire.
Helena Merriman 2:31
They used the barbed wire to mark the border between East Berlin and West Berlin.
Unknown Speaker 2:36
Streets cut off, train stations cut off. It cut through graveyards. It cut churches off from the gardens of the people who would go to those churches. There were some streets like Bernauerstrasse which were cut right down the middle.
Helena Merriman 2:51
In a matter of hours, a barrier more than 25 miles long had gone up, cutting the city in two.
Unknown Speaker 2:58
And when people wake up, they come out onto the streets, and you can see in some of these extraordinary photos from the time the shock on their faces. You have families suddenly divided. There are photographs, extraordinary pictures of mothers holding up babies to wave to their husbands on the other side, and people completely baffled as to what's happened.
Helena Merriman 3:20
As the weeks went on, the wall became more and more fortified. Concrete slabs went up. Soldiers and police were guarding it. East Germans were trapped. And some West Germans started trying to get them out. When Joachim Rudolph answered the door that day in late 1961, three other students were there.
Unknown Speaker 3:42
And they tell him about a group of friends who were trying to help people escape. And they want it to be the biggest escape since the wall went up.
Helena Merriman 3:53
Joachim was an engineering student. He liked to build and fix things.
Unknown Speaker 3:57
So here he is, he's 22 years old, his whole life ahead of him. He has so many reasons to say no. But he says yes, and that's how it all begins. I'm Phoebe Judge.
Helena Merriman 4:09
This is Criminal. When the Berlin Wall went up, Germany had already been divided for 16 years, since the end of World War II.
Unknown Speaker 4:25
Germany's defeated, and the countries that defeated it were arguing over who should run it. So they divide it very crudely. The Soviet Union gets one half, Britain, the U.S., and France get the other. And then they divide Berlin, the capital.

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