Chapter 1: What is Mishloach Manos and its significance?
Okay, today we're going to talk about Mishloach Manos. There is a famous shiur that everybody gives when they talk about Mishloach Manos. It's basically one Chakira and a whole bunch of Nafkaminas. So I just wanted to... I felt like we can't give so many Halacha Shiur Manpurim without saying over the famous shiur with the Chakira and the Nafkaminas.
There is a famous Chakira in regards to the Mitzvah of Mishloach Manos. What is the purpose of the Mitzvah of Mishloach Manos? The Trumas Hadashim in Simmon Kuf Yod Aleph writes that the idea of Mishloach Manos is... in order to provide somebody else with that which he needs for his Su'udas Purim. And Mishloach Manos is meant to be a way of providing somebody the Su'udas Purim.
As the Gemara McGill of the Zionist base tells us, They would switch Su'udas with each other. They would trade Su'udas with each other. And by doing that, they would say the mitzvah of Mishloach Manos. So it's all about the Su'udas. The Rambam that we keep reading over and over again is a great indication that this is in fact correct.
Because the Rambam in Parik Bez of Hilchot Magil HaChanukah Halacha Tesvav writes, How does one go about fulfilling the mitzvah of Sudas Purim? And after he says that you eat meat and you have other cooked food and you drink wine and you get drunk, in that same paragraph he says, That a person has to send Mishloach Manos. That is a way to fulfill... The mitzvah of Suudas Purim. How?
By receiving Mishloach Manos.
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Chapter 2: What is the purpose of the Mitzvah of Mishloach Manos?
And you help others by giving Mishloach Manos. You help them fulfill their mitzvah of Suudas Purim. That is the shita of the Shumas Adashim. That's known as Shumas Adashim's opinion. The other shita is known as the shita of the Manos Halevi. The Manos Halevi of Shlomo Alkovitz, the author of L'Chadodi, wrote a sefer on Megillus Esther. And in his commentary to Megillus Esther, Paragimel Pasuches,
and it's quoted famously in the Chufas Chisam Sofer, or Chaim Simen Kuv Tzadivav, he says that the idea of Mishloach Manos is to increase a sense of brotherhood and friendship. And that is meant to counter the claims of Haman, who said that we are an Amafuzar Mufurad, that we can't get along with each other, that we're a very divisive nation.
So we try to show that we love each other, that we do get along with each other, and that's the purpose of Mishloach Manos. I don't need raya's to that idea, so the B'n Yitzion points out, in a tshuva, B'n Yitzion asks, in Simmon Mem Dalad, why is it called Mishloach Manos, not Matanas Manos, not Nesinas Manos? It's called Matanos Lev Yonim, why is it Mishloach Manos?
So he says it could be based on the Ishita, of the Ramah, that even if the person is Moham, the person doesn't accept the Manos from you, you're still Mekahim, the Mitzvah of Mishloach Manos. Well, why would that be? How could you be Mekahim, the Mitzvah of Mishloach Manos, if the person never actually took it from you?
So the only way that would work is if the purpose of the Mitzvah was not about the other person actually getting food. It was about making a gesture toward the other person. And by offering the Mishloach Manos, you made your gesture. So therefore, you have fulfilled the mitzvah. So it says in Binyat Sion, it could be that's why it's called Mishloach Manos, and not called Matanas Manos.
Because if the person is mochel, and he never actually gets it, you were just sholeach, you sent it to him, but he never took it, it's still going to be a kiyu mitzvah. And he says, this shuvah of Binyat Sion is famous for another reason.
The Bidion Sion says, because I always thought that maybe the reason it says Mishloach Manos and not Matanos Manos is that maybe the only way to be Mekai in the midst of Mishloach Manos is by giving through a Shliach. And that's why we call it Mishloach Manos.
That if you give it directly, if you want to be Mekai in the midst of Mishloach Manos and you take food and you give it directly to the person you want to give it to, maybe you're not Yodzei. Maybe you definitely need to get a Shliach involved and that's why it's called Mishloach Manos.
But now that I know this Vart, that it's called Mishloach Manos for another reason, and that is that all you have to do is make the gesture toward the person, the person doesn't have to actually accept. Now I realize that it does not actually have to be done through a Shliach. That's what the Ben Yitzion says. The reason that that's interesting...
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Chapter 3: How do different opinions interpret the Mitzvah of Mishloach Manos?
Meaning, this is very L'maysa. Very often, people will go away. They'll leave early in the morning on Purim. And by the time they get back, after Purim is over, their doorstep, there's tons of Mishlach Manos on their doorstep.
But they don't find out, or, even more frequently, the kids come in, you know, someone comes and gives Mishlach Manos, the parents aren't even looking who's giving, and just all ends up on the dining room table. And then afterwards, after Purim is over, you start looking at, okay, who sent? But it's already too late by the time you find out who sent.
The Aruch HaShulchan says you should know who sent when it's still Purim. So you should pay attention to who you're getting the Mishlach Manos from. Then that's, Rav Shomar writes, that that was the minig of the brisker of, that he would check all the packages on for himself, just to help the people giving it, be Mekayim, their mitzvah, be Hiduro, of Mishloach Manos.
A third nafkamina might be, why it is there's no, it's not a nafkamina la'alacha, but a nafkamina in Lamdus, why it is that there's no bracha on the mitzvah of Mishloach Manos. So remember, we learned that Shubas HaRashvah, chel galav simin yurches, discusses why some mitzvahs don't get brachos.
And the Rashba wrote that any time you're not in control of being makai in the mitzvah, you don't make a bracha on the mitzvah. So if it's about showing reyus, well, you're absolutely in control of that. As soon as you offer it, you've shown your reyus. And therefore, you should have to make a bracha according to that.
But if it's about the person having the food for the seudah, well, you're not in control if they're going to accept it. It goes back to that ramah. You're not in control if they're going to accept it or not, and therefore, maybe you should not make a bracha for the same reason that you don't make a bracha on tzedakah, because you never know if the ani is in fact going to accept it.
The Sridei Esh writes in the Tshuva that maybe there's another reason why you don't make a bracha. maybe the reason you don't make a bracha has nothing to do with your control over the situation.
It might have to do with the fact that in general, if the whole point is to show reyus, and show ava, show akhva, to go and say, and then give it to the person, the person is going to say, are you giving it to me because you want to give it to me, or are you giving it to me because you're serving G-d now?
Meaning, when you do a mitzvah, the chaveiro has to feel like you're doing something for them. And therefore, it's going to take away From the sense of reyus, from the sense of achva, when you go and you make a bracha. That's how the Sridei Esh writes. The Sridei Esh also says that it, or someone else, Rabbi Feldman writes in his Sefer, he says that it also can make Matanus Avionim look bad.
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