What if college isn't for everyone?

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Today, Explained 28 min 10 speakers 6 chapters transcribed
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What are the current attitudes about college for high school graduates?

Johnquilyn Hill 1:14
I'm John Glenn Hill. This is Explain It To Me, the show where you call in... I guess I'm calling because I want to know, how do people choose what they do after college or high school or when they're going to join the workforce? This feels like such a different landscape now. than it was for my parents. And we get you answers. The landscape really is different right now. Other people are wondering what to do after graduation too.
Erica 1:44
I had no idea until this year what the heck I was doing after high school.
Johnquilyn Hill 1:50
That's Erica. She called us from Dallas, Texas. She's going to UT Austin this fall.
Chelsea Waite 1:55
Longhorn Nation. Hook them. B-L-U.
Johnquilyn Hill 1:57
And she did have a little bit of an idea of what she might do after graduation.
Erica 2:01
I knew I wanted to go to college because like 99% of the kids at my high school go to a four-year college after. Like junior year, we have an assembly and they say, look, this is how you apply to college. They don't even mention trade school or anything like that. I mean, it's an option, but at my school, they don't advertise it.
Johnquilyn Hill 2:21
I relate to Erica's experience. It represents what the last few decades of American high school education policy have looked like. Preparing every single student for college, no matter what. And it can be hard to resist that pull.
Erica 2:36
Yeah, there definitely is a stigma around it. I don't know a single person that's not going to some type of university. I only know one person that's going to a two-year.
Johnquilyn Hill 2:45
But remember that landscape the first caller was talking about? It's different in 2025. Gen Z and Gen Alpha have seen the toll of student debt and often say they don't want to take that on. They're not certain college will be the right fit for them. Having more options to choose from requires some evolution from the way we've always done things. At least, that's what Chelsea Waite says. She studies education policy at the Center on Reinventing Public Education at Arizona State.
Chelsea Waite 3:16
Where we research how do education systems become better and sort of evolve and in some ways remake themselves to better serve every student in America.

How did the 'college for all' policy originate and evolve?

Johnquilyn Hill 3:28
To understand what to change, Chelsea says we have to understand where this college for all policy came from in the first place.
Chelsea Waite 3:35
When high schools kind of first started in the U.S., they were not universal and they were really sort of designed for elites, largely white, male, middle and upper class students. Students who would go to high school as a way to kind of get them to higher education in order to then go into these leadership roles in society. Then in the 1910s to 1940s, there was a big high school movement that basically made high schools kind of like mass education for everyone. And the idea there is that we have a responsibility as a society to make sure that young people are prepared for the world that they move into as adults. And for some of them, that might mean college.

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