Pennod 71 - Ffŵl heb Ffiniau: Yr Anterliwt (rhan 3)

Cewch gyfle yn y bennod hon i gyfarfod â Gwagsaw, Syr Caswir, Ffowcyn Gnuchlyd a rhai o ffyliaid eraill yr anterliwtiau. Wrth graffu ar rôl y ffŵl, nodwn fod ganddo nifer o swyddogaethau mewn anterliwt draddodiadol. Yn gyntaf, mae’n agor y chwarae â’i gastiau doniol a’i eiriau dychanol er mwyn ceisio denu cynulleidfa. Awn ati’n fwy athronyddol i awgrymu y gellid gweld gwaith y ffŵl ar ddechrau anterliwt yn nhermau troi torf afreolus gwylmabsant, marchnad neu ffair yn gynulleidfa sy’n fodlon aros yn eu hunfan a gwylio drama am ddwy neu dair awr. Ond os yw’n gorfodi trefn weithiau, mae’r ffŵl yn chwalu trefn hefyd, gan droi byd y cybydd â’i ben i waered. Wrth ystyried Hanes y Capten Ffactor gan Huw Jones o Langwm, sylwn fod y ffŵl Gwagsaw yn chwalu ffiniau’i stori a’i anterliwt ei hun, a gwelwn hon fel enghraifft o’r modd y gallai’r anterliwtwyr weithio’n greadigol oddi mewn i ffiniau’r traddodiad. * A Fool without Bounds: The Anterliwt (part 3) In this episode you’ll get an opportunity to meet Gwagsaw [‘Frivolous One’], Syr Caswir [‘Sir Harsh Truth’], Ffowcyn Gnuchlyd [‘Fucking Foulke’] and other fools from the anterliwtiau. As we examine the role of the fool, we note that he has many functions in a traditional anterliwt. First of all, he begins the play with his funny capers and his satirical words in order to attract an audience. We go on in a more philosophical vein and suggest that one could view the fool’s job at the start of an anterliwt in terms of turning the unruly crowd at a gwylmabsant, market or fair into an audience willing to stay put and watch a play for two or three hours. But if he compels order at times, the fool also destroys order, turning the miser’s world upside down. While considered ‘The History of Captain Ffactor’ by Huw Jones of Llangwm, we observe how the fool Gwagsaw destroys the boundaries of his own story and his own play, and we see this as an example of how the anterliwt-composers could work creatively within the boundaries of tradition. Cyflwynwyd gan: Yr Athro Jerry Hunter a'r Athro Richard Wyn Jones Cynhyrchwyd gan Richard Martin i Cwmni Mimosa Cymru Cerddoriaeth: 'Might Have Done' gan The Molenes Darllen Pellach/Further Reading: - G.G. Evans, ‘Yr Anterliwt Gymraeg’, Llên Cymru, cyf. 1, rhifyn 2 (Gorffennaf 1950). - G. G. Evans, ‘Yr Anterliwt Gymraeg [:] II’, Llên Cymru Cyfrol II (Gorffennaf 1953). - Dafydd Glyn Jones, ‘The Interludes’, yn Branwen Jarvis (gol.), A guide to Welsh literature c.1700-1800 (Caerdydd: Gwasg Prifsygol Cymru, 2000). - Jerry Hunter, Llywodraeth y Ffŵl: Gwylmabsant, Anterliwt a Chymundeb y Testun, llyfr sydd yn y wasg ar hyn o bryd (Gwasg Prifysgol Cymru).

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