主播:Anne(中国)+ 梅莉(法国)歌曲:Peter Pan Was Right在之前的节目中我们提到过衡量不同国家文化差异的6大文化价值观维度(different cultural dimension),这期节目我们来聊聊不同国家的商务礼仪(Business Etiquettes)。Business Etiquettes指的是一些unspoken rules(潜在的不言而喻的规则)。身处商务环境(business environment)中,how shouldyou behave(应该如何行事呢)?01Greeting关于问候的礼仪问候中最重要的事情之一是a firm handshake(强有力的握手),握手应该是strong and steady(有力而平稳的)。在西方国家,它代表着confidence and professionalism(自信且专业)。·professionalism /prəˈfeʃənəlɪzəm/ n.专业对于北欧的国家(Nordic countries),握手时会轻一些(handshakes are lighter)。在日本,nod(点头)或者是bow(鞠躬)才是比较customary(惯常)的一种做法。于日本人而言,在when you meet a client(在见客户的时候),30度的鞠躬好像是比较标准。·Nordic /ˈnɔːrdɪk/ adj. 北欧的·customary /ˈkʌstəmeri/ adj. 习俗的;习惯的在中东(Middle East),人们往往先shake hands,然后会place the right hand over the heart(把右手放在心口上)。同时也要注意(be aware of)商务礼仪也有性别差异(gender differences)。跟异性握手的时候,可能要等对方先initiate(做出表示),这才是比较advisable(推荐的)一种做法。·initiate /ɪˈnɪʃieɪt/ v.开始;发起·advisable /ədˈvaɪzəb(ə)l/ adj. 值得推荐的,可取的02Addressing Colleagues关于同事间称呼的礼仪 First names are often used in a business setting(在商务环境中一般直接称呼名字). 即使是跟上级(even with superiors)也不例外,除非是有具体的头衔(specific title)或敬称(honorific)。比如要称呼英国女王,you have to say Queen Elizabeth。 ·superior /suːˈpɪriərs/ n.上级,上司·honorific /ˌɑːnəˈrɪfɪk/ n. 敬语因为直接称呼名字会promotes a sense of equality and friendliness(促进平等交流的感觉)。However, in Germany(在德国),in initial business interactions (在最初的商务交往里),人们还是会互称“Herr” (Mr.) or “Frau” (Ms.).·initial /ɪˈnɪʃ(ə)l/ adj.开始的,最初的In the Netherlands(在荷兰), people like a direct communication style (人们喜欢一种比较直接的沟通方式), so they will use first names. 这是一种平等主义的态度和方式(egalitarian approach)。·egalitarian /iˌɡælɪˈteriən/ n. 平等主义当然,你也可以观察对方是如何行事的(look at your counterparts),并跟着他们来做(follow their lead)。·counterpart /ˈkaʊntərpɑːrt/ n.职位(或作用)相当的人03Punctuality关于守时的礼仪守时(being punctual/ being on time)在西方商务文化中非常重要。会议和约定(meetings and appointments)的开始、结束都要按照提前的规划进行(are expected to start and end as scheduled)。Punctuality is a sign of respect for others’ time(这表示你很尊重别人的时间).·punctuality/ˌpʌŋktʃuˈæləti/ n.守时·punctual /ˈpʌŋktʃuəl/ adj.准时的In Switzerland and Austria (在瑞士和奥地利), punctuality is highly valued (高度重视守时). Being late tardiness(迟到了)哪怕只是几分钟,也可能会被认为是缺乏职业精神(lack of professionalism)。·tardiness /ˈtɑːrdinəs/ n.缓慢;迟到In Spain(在西班牙), being late for a few minutesis culturally accepted (在这种文化里是可以接受的).04Direct Communication关于沟通方式的礼仪Thisone is something that is a little different from Chinese business culture (这一点与中国的商务文化有些许不同). Most western countries often appreciate (比较欣赏) direct and straightforward communication (直截了当的沟通方式)。在中国和日本,人们表达的方式比较委婉(not very straightforward),不想冒犯到他人(offend people),以和为贵。·straightforward /ˌstreɪtˈfɔːrwərd/ adj.简单的;直接的·offend /əˈfend/ v.得罪;冒犯In theNetherlands (在荷兰), clarity and transparency in communication(清楚易懂的表达) are valued. 既要能够清晰地表达自己(express opinions openly),也要to do so respectfully,找到两者之间的平衡(balance)。·clarity /ˈklærəti/ n.清晰·transparency /trænsˈpærənsi/ n.易懂However, in the UK,“British politeness”(英式的礼貌)is a bit different.他们比较倾向于用不太直接的语言(indirect language)去convey criticism or disagreement(表达批判的意见或表达自己不同意的观点)。英国人有时会用一种“讽刺的方式”(in asarcastic way)去表达自己。其他国家的人则很难get到这种criticism。·criticism /ˈkrɪtɪsɪzəm/ n.批评;批判·sarcastic /sɑːrˈkæstɪk/ adj.讽刺的05DressCode关于着装风格的礼仪商务场合中的着装一般要稍微板正一点(neat)、保守一点(conservative)。即使稍微穿的隆重一点(be slightly overdressed),还是比穿的不正式要好(it’s still better than underdressed)。·neat /niːt/ adj.整洁的·conservative /kənˈsɜːrvətɪv/ adj.保守的但是像在硅谷(the tech hubs of Silicon Valley)工作于IT行业的人,他们就不会那么重视穿着正式。Theyprefer a casual dress code (休闲随意的服装风格)。InSweden and Denmark(瑞典和丹麦), there is often a balance (平衡) between professionalism (职业风格) and a relaxed dress code (休闲风格)。06Gift Giving关于赠送礼物的礼仪中国文化素有赠送礼物(gift giving)的传统,商务中的互赠礼物也十分重要。In western countries it is also something that people do.在西方社会的商务礼物赠送中,一般会选择实用的礼物(practical gifts),而不太会送很奢侈的礼物(extravagant gifts)。·practical /ˈpræktɪk(ə)l/ adj.实际的·extravagant /ɪkˈstrævəɡənt/ adj.奢侈的请留言告诉我们:你对中西方文化的对比还有什么想了解的内容呢?
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