刚刚过去夏至,全多多地都迎来今年夏天以来最热的一周,北京、天津、河北、山东、广东等多地都发出高温预警。去年的这个时候,我们发了一期播客标题是《我们度过了2000年以来最热的夏天了吗?》。彼时联合国、世界气象组织,甚至是Nature都在关注“2024年是最热的夏天”。不过,就像我们在那期播客里说的,如果按照全世界现有的趋势,之后的每一年的夏天,都可能是最热的夏天,今年夏天如果按同时期来说目前也已经超过了历史极值。过去大家认为碳排放是全球变暖的主要原因,而这一期我们主要来聊聊氮元素对于全球变暖的影响,这个影响又是非常复杂的,所以我们会从氮循环以及氮在农业中的应用出发来聊聊固氮的重要性,进而,我们会聊到氮在全球气候变化中的重要角色。内容时间轴:1:00 之后的每一年可能都会经历“最热的夏天”,反常气候也越来越多5:19 氮元素在农业与生态坏境中的重要性9:08 氮循环的原理10:35 固氮的过程14:59 从人类开始使用氮化肥开始,碳循环变得复杂起来19:30 化肥使用,特别是氮肥使用与全球变暖的关系22:00 一氧化氮的排放可能是全球变暖的最主要原因之一26:36 土壤亚硝酸盐排放对气候变化影响的研究30:34 臭氧浓度、赤潮现象的环境影响34:56 人类活动产生的活性氮物质对气候变化的影响#参考资料 东北黑土地保护与利用报告(2021年):www.cas.cn Chai, R., Niu, Y., Huang, L. et al. Mitigation potential of greenhouse gases under different scenarios of optimal synthetic nitrogen application rate for grain crops in China. Nutr Cycl Agroecosyst 96, 15–28 (2013). Chai, R., Ye, X., Ma, C. et al. Greenhouse gas emissions from synthetic nitrogen manufacture and fertilization for main upland crops in China. Carbon Balance Manage 14, 20 (2019). doi.org Zheng M, Zhou Z, Luo Y, Zhao P, Mo J. Global pattern and controls of biological nitrogen fixation under nutrient enrichment: A meta-analysis. Glob Chang Biol. 2019;25(9):3018-3030. doi:10.1111/gcb.14705 The influence of crop and chemical fertilizer combinations on greenhouse gas emissions: A partial life-cycle assessment of fertilizer production and use in China. doi.org Data-driven estimates of fertilizer-induced soil NH3, NO and N2O emissions from croplands in China and their climate change impacts. doi.org Soto IM, Cambazoglu MK, Boyette AD, et al. Advection of Karenia brevis blooms from the Florida Panhandle towards Mississippi coastal waters. Harmful Algae. 2018;72:46-64. doi:10.1016/j.hal.2017.12.008 León-Muñoz, J., Urbina, M.A., Garreaud, R. et al. Hydroclimatic conditions trigger record harmful algal bloom in western Patagonia (summer 2016). Sci Rep 8, 1330 (2018). doi.org#song list Cello Suite No. 1 in G Major, BWV 1007:I. Prélude - Janos Starker Love From Me-Johnson Rodgie Study With Me - Snuggles Mark Masri - Santa Lucia听友群加VX:hooley777商务合作:[email protected]
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