EP.203 突破性發現!微小RNA如何影響基因表達,改寫生命密碼? 2024第一砲!諾貝爾生理醫學獎由Ambros及Ruvkun共同獲獎,理由是他們發現了調控基因表達的新機制:microRNA。 人類的每個細胞都有同樣的DNA序列,為什麼不同部位的細胞長相跟功能會差那麼多呢? 關鍵在於「不同的細胞,會表達不同的基因」。 1993年他們發現了線蟲的lin-4基因會壓抑lin-14基因的表現,而lin-4轉錄後的RNA長度只有22個鹼基對,短到根本不知道能幹嘛! 最後發現,這個超短RNA序列,跟lin-14轉錄出來mRNA的片段可以結合! 然後lin-14就無法合成蛋白質了! 簡單的說,超短的microRNA就像是三秒膠,灌進了lin-14的mRNA這個鑰匙孔裡面後,就整組報銷啦! 現在科學家越來越清楚microRNA的作用機制以及它在發育以及演化上的重要性,許多疾病,包括多種癌症,都與microRNA的異常有關。 所以他們就得獎啦! #諾貝爾生理醫學獎 #2024諾貝爾生理醫學獎 #RNA #microRNA -- Hosting provided by SoundOn
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