今天这期节目我们来聊聊《名侦探柯南》,相信是很多人共同的童年回忆。但是除了那句经典的“真相永远只有一个”,以及那个“死神小学生”的万年老梗,故事里那些“科学”设定,大家可能并没有非常深入地去了解。我们这期节目希望追溯柯南最核心的设定:那颗让工藤新一变小的神秘药物——APTX4869。这颗药丸是如何做到让身体“返老还童”的?在原作的设定中,它竟然同时关联着“细胞程序性死亡”和“端粒酶”这两个诺贝尔奖级别的生物学概念。而当剧情逐渐展开,我们却发现,这个药物的真正目的,似乎直指“长生不老”。这些听起来天马行空的设定,在现实的生命科学中,真的有迹可循吗?我们还会聊到柯南里那些著名的“柯学”场景:为什么药物不会在对柯南的大脑有影响?毛利小五郎在一年内被麻醉针射了两百多次,他的身体会发生什么?以及,柯南那双能踢爆卫星的“脚步增强鞋”,背后是否也隐藏着真实的“肌肉电刺激”技术?这一期,我们就在柯南的故事里开开脑洞! 本期有抽奖活动,我们会征集在小宇宙、喜马拉雅、网易云音乐、荔枝FM各个平台评论,挑选两条最精彩的评论,送出《名侦探柯南科学营地系列1-4》一套科普丛书。时间点:02:50 "柯学":柯南里那些夸张的"科学"设定06:12 柯南的核心设定:变小药物 APTX486907:17 APTX4869的真正目的:长生不老药?15:05 灰原哀的解释:药物引发"细胞程序性死亡" (Apoptosis)20:15 什么是细胞凋亡?从蝌蚪尾巴消失讲起21:02 细胞凋亡的机制研究:从秀丽隐杆线虫开始31:08 A药的第二个机制:基于端粒酶的细胞增殖32:12 什么是端粒和端粒酶?细胞的"海弗利克极限"39:02 柯南的解药"白干":为什么它不科学?41:04 现实中的"A药":清除"僵尸细胞"的抗衰老药物49:21 为什么柯南的"头脑依旧灵活"?神经元为何不受影响?59:54 柯南的道具:麻醉枪手表01:02:52 毛利小五郎一年被麻醉两百多次,身体会怎样?01:04:07 麻醉药简史:从酒精、乙醚到现代麻醉01:15:48 柯南的道具:能踢爆卫星的脚步增力鞋01:21:08 现实中的电刺激:控制"赛博格"蟑螂01:28:14 经典的"苦杏仁味":氰化物中毒01:35:38 能抵抗氰化物的生物:金竹狐猴 提及相关图片:自动化生产电刺激蟑螂机器人的示意图:能代谢氰化物的金竹狐猴: 涉及BGM:Celebrate-Joakim Karud柯南第一部剧场版开头自我介绍柯南TV版片头曲:转动命运之轮 部分参考资料:维基百科相关词条1987、2002、2009年诺贝尔奖官网介绍Kirkland J L, Tchkonia T. Senolytic drugs: from discovery to translation[J]. Journal of internal medicine, 2020, 288(5): 518-536.de Magalhães J P. Senolytics under scrutiny in the quest to slow aging[J]. Nature Biotechnology, 2025: 1-3.Salminen A, Ojala J, Kaarniranta K. Apoptosis and aging: increased resistance to apoptosis enhances the aging process[J]. Cellular and molecular life sciences, 2011, 68(6): 1021-1031.Zubair M, Bokhari S R A. Apoptosis. StatPearls[J]. 2025.Chakravarti D, LaBella K A, DePinho R A. Telomeres: history, health, and hallmarks of aging[J]. Cell, 2021, 184(2): 306-322.Boccardi V, Marano L. Aging, cancer, and inflammation: the telomerase connection[J]. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2024, 25(15): 8542.Levi-Montalcini R. The nerve growth factor 35 years later[J]. Science, 1987, 237(4819): 1154-1162.Yuan J, Yankner B A. Apoptosis in the nervous system[J]. Nature, 2000, 407(6805): 802-809.Vutskits L, Xie Z. Lasting impact of general anaesthesia on the brain: mechanisms and relevance[J]. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 2016, 17(11): 705-717.Brown E N, Pavone K J, Naranjo M. Multimodal general anesthesia: theory and practice[J]. Anesthesia & analgesia, 2018, 127(5): 1246-1258.Gobbo M, Maffiuletti N A, Orizio C, et al. Muscle motor point identification is essential for optimizing neuromuscular electrical stimulation use[J]. Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation, 2014, 11(1): 17.Young W. Electrical stimulation and motor recovery[J]. Cell transplantation, 2015, 24(3): 429-446.Li Y, Sato H. Insect-computer hybrid robot[J]. Molecular Frontiers Journal, 2018, 2(01): 30-42.Lin Q, Vuong N, Song K, et al. Cyborg insect factory: automatic assembly for insect-computer hybrid robot via vision-guided robotic arm manipulation of custom bipolar electrodes[J]. Nature Communications, 2025, 16(1): 6073.Glander K E, Wright P C, Seigler D S, et al. Consumption of cyanogenic bamboo by a newly discovered species of bamboo lemur[J]. American Journal of Primatology, 1989, 19(2): 119-124.
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