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生命想要出现，必须要具备两个条件：液态环境和天然的物理屏障。这才有可能让小分子聚集成大分子，并且让大分子有机会形成更加复杂的结构。两种条件要同时满足看上去存在着悖论。直到 1977 年，阿尔文号潜艇带着生物学家们看到了一个过去从未想到过的奇特环境，这些景象令他们激动不已：在一个似乎是生命禁区的地方，却发现了完整的生物群落。这里就是位于深深大洋底部的海底黑烟囱。经过分析，海底黑烟囱的独特环境，非常符合生命起源所需具备的两个重要条件。鲜为人知的是，在陆地上也能找到证据。在我国河北省兴隆县的安子岭，有着距今 14.3 亿年前保存完整的海底黑烟囱的遗迹，帮助很多研究者发现了更多的有力证据。使得生命的黑烟囱起源假说成为目前科学界接受度最高的一种假说。
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