Lenormand 和 Roze 的研究提出了一个统一的理论，解释了性染色体的演化过程以及物种形成的两大规则：即海恩定律（异配性别在杂交后代中更容易不育或失去活力）和大X效应（X或Z染色体对杂交适应性的影响不成比例地大）。该理论指出，这些现象都源于顺式和反式基因表达调控因子的共同演化，这导致了杂种后代中剂量补偿基因的错误表达。文章通过模拟不同性染色体演化阶段的情景，验证了该模型能够解释这些普遍存在的生物学观察，并为理解生殖隔离的遗传基础提供了新的视角。References: Thomas Lenormand, Denis Roze. A single theory for the evolution of sex chromosomes and the two rules of speciation.Science389,eado9032(2025).DOI:10.1126/science.ado9032
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