本评论探讨了中枢神经系统（CNS）中独特的免疫细胞群及其在维持组织平衡和疾病进展中的关键作用。文章详细阐述了中枢神经系统的解剖分区及其如何形成不同的免疫细胞生态位，特别强调了髓系细胞（如小胶质细胞和巨噬细胞）在每个区域的起源、发育和功能多样性。文章还讨论了靶向这些细胞群的治疗策略，包括细胞和非细胞方法，并深入分析了将小鼠研究成果转化为人类临床应用的挑战。最后，文中展望了通过精确靶向特定髓系细胞亚群来治疗阿尔茨海默病等神经系统疾病的潜力。References: Frosch M, Prinz M. Niche-specific therapeutic targeting of myeloid cells in the central nervous system[J]. Immunity, 2025, 58(5): 1101-1119.
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