这篇文章介绍了三维循环免疫荧光（3D CyCIF）这种高复杂度、高分辨率的三维组织成像方法，并将其应用于人类肿瘤样本研究。作者们强调，传统的薄组织切片（4-5微米）会导致细胞完整性受到严重破坏，进而引发细胞表型分析和细胞间相互作用分析的误差，因为高达95%的细胞核在薄切片中不完整。通过使用八到十倍厚的组织切片（30-40微米），3D CyCIF能够对完整细胞形态、亚细胞结构和局部细胞群落进行精确的形态学评估和分子标记物分析。该研究通过对黑色素瘤样本的分析，揭示了肿瘤微环境中的精细结构、免疫细胞的复杂表型转换以及肿瘤-免疫细胞之间的直接膜接触（I型、II型和III型互动），表明高分辨率3D成像对于理解组织结构和细胞功能具有重要价值。References: Yapp C, Nirmal A J, Zhou F, et al. Highly multiplexed 3D profiling of cell states and immune niches in human tumors[J]. Nature Methods, 2025: 1-14.
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