第1363期: School Returns Go Better Than Expected

In many countries, children have been going to school for more than a month. So far, fears the Delta coronavirus variant would prevent in-person learning have largely proven unfounded. 在许多国家，孩子们已经上学一个多月了。到目前为止，对 Delta 冠状病毒变体会阻止面对面学习的担忧在很大程度上被证明是没有根据的。In twelve countries with high vaccination rates in Asia, Europe and the United States, case rates increased in August. Now, they have mostly fallen back, according to local data and officials. 在亚洲、欧洲和美国的 12 个疫苗接种率高的国家，8 月份的病例率有所上升。根据当地数据和官员的说法，现在他们大多已经降低了。It is unclear how much the decrease is due to a worldwide decline in cases, and how much it is linked to vaccinations and other measures. Public health experts say they will continue to watch for signs of an increase in cases as winter nears. 目前尚不清楚这种减少有多少是由于全球病例减少所致，以及有多少与疫苗接种和其他措施有关。公共卫生专家表示，随着冬季临近，他们将继续关注病例增加的迹象。Monica Gandhi is a professor of medicine at University of California San Francisco Medical School. 莫妮卡甘地是加州大学旧金山分校医学院的医学教授。“In the United States, in-school transmission is higher in places with low adult vaccination and no mitigation, but, overall, schools have stayed open,” Gandhi said. “在美国，在成人疫苗接种率低且没有缓解措施的地方，校内传播率较高，但总体而言，学校保持开放，”甘地说。Gandhi described the situation in schools as “going better than expected.” 甘地将学校的情况描述为“比预期的要好”。Cases among children increased by nearly seven times in August. They reached their high in the first week of September, American Academy of Pediatrics data shows. 8月份儿童病例增加了近七倍。美国儿科学会的数据显示，它们在 9 月的第一周达到了最高点。Only about 2 percent of U.S. schools have closed temporarily because of COVID-19 outbreaks. That information comes from research company Burbio. 由于 COVID-19 的爆发，只有大约 2% 的美国学校暂时关闭。该信息来自研究公司 Burbio。Children represent the largest group of the unvaccinated in most wealthy countries. That is because either vaccinations for their age group have only just begun, or are not yet approved. 在大多数富裕国家，儿童是未接种疫苗的最大群体。那是因为他们年龄组的疫苗接种才刚刚开始，或者尚未获得批准。Public health experts suggest rising vaccinations, mitigation measures in schools and a broader decrease in community cases are helping.公共卫生专家表示，增加疫苗接种率、学校采取缓解措施以及社区病例的更广泛减少都有帮助。Not all countries have seen a decrease in cases. In Singapore, cases among children have been on the rise for all of September. 并非所有国家的病例都减少了。在新加坡，整个 9 月，儿童病例均呈上升趋势。But in Scandinavia, Scotland, Germany, France, South Korea and the United States, cases are falling. Earlier, there were fears the Delta variant would drive up infections. 但在斯堪的纳维亚半岛、苏格兰、德国、法国、韩国和美国，病例正在下降。早些时候，有人担心 Delta 变体会增加感染。In Sweden, schools have largely remained open throughout the coronavirus crisis. The country saw a rise in COVID-19 infections among children after the summer holidays. But cases are now at low levels - both among children and the wider population. 在瑞典，在整个冠状病毒危机期间，学校基本上保持开放。暑假过后，该国儿童中的 COVID-19 感染率有所上升。但现在病例处于低水平——无论是在儿童中还是在更广泛的人群中。In Norway, cases increased to a daily record of 1,785 after the first two weeks of school, before falling by 60 percent as of last week. 在挪威，开学头两周后，病例增加到每日记录的 1,785 例，但截至上周下降了 60%。Preben Aavitsland is a senior doctor at the Norwegian Institute of Public Health. Preben Aavitsland 是挪威公共卫生研究所的高级医生。"We do expect the current downward trend to continue for a few weeks and then level off at a low level, at least for a couple of months,” Aavitsland told Reuters by email. “我们确实预计目前的下降趋势将持续数周，然后在低位趋于平稳，至少会持续几个月，”Aavitsland 通过电子邮件告诉路透社。He added, “Then there are uncertainties about the winter season.” 他补充说，“那么冬季就存在不确定性。”Britain has seen some increase in cases in schools that opened early on, but it has not spread to the wider population, said Neil Ferguson of the Imperial College London. 伦敦帝国理工学院的尼尔·弗格森 (Neil Ferguson) 表示，英国在较早开学的学校中的病例有所增加，但并未蔓延到更广泛的人群。In Scotland, schools re-opened in mid-August, and COVID cases increased to record numbers by the end of the month. 在苏格兰，学校于 8 月中旬重新开放，到月底，新冠肺炎病例增加到创纪录的数字。Now, however, cases among the under 19 have fallen each week since the first week of September. 然而，现在，自 9 月的第一周以来，19 岁以下的病例每周都在下降。While cases began rising in Scotland before schools opened, some level of transmission appears to be happening in schools. 虽然苏格兰的病例在学校开学前就开始上升，但学校中似乎正在发生一定程度的传播。“It’s very hard to separate community transmission that is related to schools, to transmission in schools. However, clusters of cases in single classrooms do not appear to be particularly high, suggesting that it is at least a mix of both,” Rowland Kao of the University of Edinburgh wrote to Reuters by email.“很难将与学校有关的社区传播与学校传播分开。然而，单间教室的集群病例似乎并不是特别高，这表明它至少是两者的混合，”爱丁堡大学的 Rowland Kao 通过电子邮件写信给路透社。

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