第1475期:Your robot teacher of the future

词汇表automation 自动化at risk 面临风险manual labour 体力劳动position 工作，职位profession （需专业知识技能的）职业impervious 不受影响的soft skill 软技能，如与人相处的能力和沟通能力等to gauge 判断（人的感受）to tailor （根据需要）调整feedback 反馈意见to lag behind 落后to compress 压缩、缩短idiosyncrasy 个人特征、习性overwhelming majority 压倒性多数，绝大多数to master 掌握to crack (a) code 找到解决问题的办法to embrace change 积极接受改变artificial intelligence 人工智能文稿:Will your job be done by a robot in the future? Bank of England economists predict that almost half of all UK jobs are under threat of automation. 未来你的工作会由机器人完成吗？英格兰银行经济学家预测，英国近一半的工作岗位都面临自动化威胁。Those most at risk involve repetetive manual labour, such as factory positions. 最危险的人涉及重复性体力劳动，例如工厂职位。But could even the venerable profession of teaching soon have to compete against powerful electronic educators?但是，即使是受人尊敬的教学职业，是否也很快不得不与强大的电子教育者竞争？At first glance, teaching might seem impervious to replacement by robots. 乍一看，教学似乎无法被机器人取代。Teachers use a range of soft skills that machines find hard to replicate. They gauge pupils' needs and tailor feedback accordingly. 教师使用一系列机器难以复制的软技能。他们衡量学生的需求并相应地调整反馈。They adapt materials to make them more engaging and effective.他们调整材料以使其更具吸引力和有效性。 And they provide pastoral care: looking out for students who lag behind or disrupt the class.他们提供教牧关怀：寻找落后或扰乱课堂的学生。Nonetheless, some believe the future of education will be technological.尽管如此，有些人认为教育的未来将是技术性的。 In an interview with Business Insider magazine, futurist Thomas Frey predicts that "by 2030 the largest company on the internet is going to be an education-based company that we haven't heard of yet."在接受 Business Insider 杂志采访时，未来学家 Thomas Frey 预测，“到 2030 年，互联网上最大的公司将成为一家我们还没有听说过的教育型公司。”He thinks that 'bots' – online robot teachers – will make education so efficient that students will be able to compress an entire undergraduate degree into six months of learning. 他认为“机器人”——在线机器人教师——将使教育如此高效，学生们将能够将整个本科学位压缩为六个月的学习时间。A bot learns what your "idiosyncrasies" "interests" and "reference points" are, "and it figures out how to teach you in a faster and faster way over time," according to Frey.Frey 说，机器人会了解你的“特质”、“兴趣”和“参考点”是什么，“随着时间的推移，它会找出如何以越来越快的方式教你”。Whether or not such incredible speeds will be reached, over the last decade there has been a huge increase in online learning platforms. 无论是否会达到如此令人难以置信的速度，在过去十年中，在线学习平台都出现了巨大的增长。Companies such as Udemy and Khan Academy produce courses that allow millions to learn at home for free, at their own pace. But there are limitations.Udemy 和 Khan Academy 等公司提供的课程让数百万人能够按照自己的节奏在家免费学习。但也有局限性。 Without the face-to-face stimulation of a classroom environment, the overwhelming majority of students fail to complete online courses.如果没有课堂环境的面对面刺激，绝大多数学生都无法完成在线课程。 How to sustain motivation to learn is one more skill that online teachers will need to master.如何保持学习动力是在线教师需要掌握的另一项技能。Indeed, Frey admits there is some way to go: "Nobody has quite cracked the code for the future of education." 事实上，弗雷承认还有一段路要走：“没有人完全破解教育未来的密码。”What do teachers themselves think about this? Professor Donald Clark from Derby University in the UK thinks that we should embrace change, even though people will lose their jobs.老师们自己对此怎么看？英国德比大学的唐纳德·克拉克教授认为我们应该拥抱变化，即使人们会失去工作。"Artificial intelligence will destroy jobs - so why not use it for a social good such as learning?" he asked.“人工智能会摧毁工作——那么为什么不将它用于学习等社会公益事业呢？”他问。

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