第1523期:A lack of women in science

There's an old riddle used by psychologists which shows the gender bias people have when it comes to the types of jobs men and women do. Let's see if you can do it: A father and son are in an accident. The father dies. The surgeon refuses to operate on the injured boy saying, "The boy is my son." Can you explain?心理学家使用了一个古老的谜语，它显示了人们在涉及男性和女性从事的工作类型时的性别偏见。让我们看看你能不能做到：一对父子出事了。父亲死了。外科医生拒绝为受伤的男孩做手术，并说：“这个男孩是我的儿子。”你可以解释吗？According to research done in 2012 by Mikaela Wapman and Deborah Belle at the University of Boston, only 14% of those surveyed were able to imagine that a surgeon could be a woman.根据波士顿大学 Mikaela Wapman 和 Deborah Belle 在 2012 年所做的研究，只有 14% 的受访者能够想象外科医生可能是女性。Stereotypes about who should do what type of job are mirrored in the makeup of the workforce. For example, the BBC recently reported that only 10% of UK engineers are women. That's the lowest in Europe, where most other countries put the figure at around 20%. That’s still only a fifth. And it’s not just engineering either. In August 2017, Prof Polly Arnold of Edinburgh University found that only 10% of the top jobs in Scottish science, technology, engineering and mathematics are held by women.关于谁应该做什么类型的工作的刻板印象反映在劳动力的构成中。例如，英国广播公司最近报道称，只有 10% 的英国工程师是女性。这是欧洲最低的，大多数其他国家都认为这个数字在 20% 左右。那仍然只有五分之一。它也不仅仅是工程。2017 年 8 月，爱丁堡大学的波莉·阿诺德教授发现，在苏格兰科学、技术、工程和数学领域，只有 10% 的顶级职位由女性担任。So why is it that women don't go into scientific jobs? Sophie, a girl from a school in Hertfordshire, England, who studied engineering at secondary school, says, "It starts at a young age… girls are put in a corner with a doll while boys play with trucks and cars."那么为什么女性不从事科学工作呢？来自英格兰赫特福德郡一所学校的女孩苏菲在中学学习工程学，她说：“从很小的时候就开始了……女孩和洋娃娃一起被关在角落里，而男孩则玩卡车和汽车。”There's also the lack of female role models.  “I don’t think they get as much visibility as they deserve,” says Priyanka Dhopade, one of the Women’s Engineering Society top 50 under-35 women engineers. She says that it would make a huge difference for young girls to have someone to look up to and say ‘I want to be like her.’还缺乏女性榜样。“我认为她们没有得到应有的知名度，”女性工程学会前 50 名 35 岁以下女性工程师之一的普里扬卡·多帕德 (Priyanka Dhopade) 说。她说，对于年轻女孩来说，有人可以仰望并说“我想像她一样”，这将产生巨大的变化。Regardless of their lack of visibility, a number of pioneering women have paved the way to amazing discoveries. Let us not forget Marie Curie, whose groundbreaking work made her the first Nobel Prize winner in two different fields: physics and chemistry. There's Rajaa Cherkaoui El Moursli, who overcame any number of cultural prejudices to play a key role in the discovery of the Higgs-Boson particle. And Soyeon Yi, who became the first South Korean astronaut in 2008, and who hoped her success would inspire more women.尽管缺乏知名度，但许多具有开拓精神的女性已经为惊人的发现铺平了道路。让我们不要忘记居里夫人，她的开创性工作使她成为物理学和化学两个不同领域的第一位诺贝尔奖获得者。Rajaa Cherkaoui El Moursli 克服了许多文化偏见，在发现希格斯-玻色子粒子方面发挥了关键作用。还有 2008 年成为第一位韩国宇航员的 Soyeon Yi，她希望她的成功能够激励更多女性。Quite clearly, women have made momentous contributions to science, technology and engineering. If these achievements were more celebrated, it may encourage girls and young women to consider science as their future career. And as more women start to do these jobs, more people might instantly recognise that the surgeon in the riddle is a woman.很明显，女性为科学、技术和工程做出了重大贡献。如果这些成就得到更多庆祝，它可能会鼓励女孩和年轻女性将科学视为她们未来的职业。随着越来越多的女性开始从事这些工作，更多的人可能会立即认识到谜语中的外科医生是女性。词汇表gender bias 性别歧视surgeon 外科医生stereotype 成见makeup of the workforce 劳动力的组成engineering 工程学scientific job 与科学有关的工作female role model 女性的榜样visibility 可见性，暴光look up to 敬重，仰慕pioneering 先锋的，前卫的pave the way 为…创造条件，为…铺平道路groundbreaking 具有开创性的，创新的physics 物理chemistry 化学prejudice 偏见，歧视play a key role 扮演重要的角色，起关键的作用astronaut 航天员

There are no comments yet.

Please log in to write the first comment.