放言五首·其三白居易 〔唐代〕赠君一法决狐疑，不用钻龟与祝蓍。试玉要烧三日满，辨材须待七年期。周公恐惧流言日，王莽谦恭未篡时。向使当初身便死，一生真伪复谁知？译文我送给你一种解决疑问的办法，这个办法不需龟甲，蓍草茎来占卜吉凶。检验玉真假还需要烧满三天，辨别木材还要等七年以后。周公害怕流言蜚语的日子，王莽篡位之前毕恭毕敬。假使这人当初就死去了，一生的真假又有谁知道呢？注释放言：言论放肆，不受拘束的意思。君：您，这里指作者的好友元稹。法：办法，方法。决：决定，解决，判定。狐疑：狐性多疑，故用狐疑指犹豫不定。钻龟、祝蓍（shī）：古人因迷信而占卜的方法，钻龟壳后看其裂纹占卜吉凶，或拿蓍草的茎占卜吉凶。这里是指求签问卜。蓍，多年生草本植物，全草可入药，茎、叶可制香料。试：试验，检验。辨：辨别，鉴别。材：木材，这里指枕木和樟木。期：期限。篡（cuàn）：篡位，臣子夺取君主的权位。向使：假如，如果，假使。便：就。复：又。周公：姬旦，周武王弟，成王的叔父。典故：成王年幼为王，周公摄政，管叔等人散布流言，说周公要害成王，于是周公躲避了起来。后来成王发现流言是假的，便迎接周公回来，平定了管叔等人的叛乱。王莽（mǎng）：汉元帝皇后侄。典故：王莽在篡夺政权之前，为了收揽人心，常以谦恭退让示人，后来终于篡汉自立，改国号为“新”。
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