Annie Jacobsen

And, you know, there were all kinds of controversies about it when it came out, including the Defense Department saying it was Soviet propaganda, which it wasn't. And what the nuclear winter author's theory What conceded back in the 80s was that their modeling was just the best it could be based on what they had at the time.

And, you know, there were all kinds of controversies about it when it came out, including the Defense Department saying it was Soviet propaganda, which it wasn't. And what the nuclear winter author's theory What conceded back in the 80s was that their modeling was just the best it could be based on what they had at the time.

And, you know, there were all kinds of controversies about it when it came out, including the Defense Department saying it was Soviet propaganda, which it wasn't. And what the nuclear winter author's theory What conceded back in the 80s was that their modeling was just the best it could be based on what they had at the time.

And so now flash forward to where we are in 2024 and talking to Professor Toon, who's been working on this issue for all these decades since, he shared with me. how the climate models today with the systems we have, the computer systems, reveal that actually nuclear winter is worse, right? So to answer your questions, the bombs stop falling. In my scenario, 72 minutes after they first launch.

And so now flash forward to where we are in 2024 and talking to Professor Toon, who's been working on this issue for all these decades since, he shared with me. how the climate models today with the systems we have, the computer systems, reveal that actually nuclear winter is worse, right? So to answer your questions, the bombs stop falling. In my scenario, 72 minutes after they first launch.

And so now flash forward to where we are in 2024 and talking to Professor Toon, who's been working on this issue for all these decades since, he shared with me. how the climate models today with the systems we have, the computer systems, reveal that actually nuclear winter is worse, right? So to answer your questions, the bombs stop falling. In my scenario, 72 minutes after they first launch.

The bombs stop falling. And then the megafires begin. Each nuclear weapon will have, according to the Defense Department, A megafire that will burn between 100 and 300 square miles. So 1,000 weapons, 1,500 weapons, think about those megafires. Everything is burning, forests, cities. Think about the pyrotoxins in all the cities, you know, high-rises burning.

The bombs stop falling. And then the megafires begin. Each nuclear weapon will have, according to the Defense Department, A megafire that will burn between 100 and 300 square miles. So 1,000 weapons, 1,500 weapons, think about those megafires. Everything is burning, forests, cities. Think about the pyrotoxins in all the cities, you know, high-rises burning.

The bombs stop falling. And then the megafires begin. Each nuclear weapon will have, according to the Defense Department, A megafire that will burn between 100 and 300 square miles. So 1,000 weapons, 1,500 weapons, think about those megafires. Everything is burning, forests, cities. Think about the pyrotoxins in all the cities, you know, high-rises burning.

And all of this soot gets lofted into the air, according to Toon, some 300 billion pounds of soot. And what happens? It blocks out the sun. And without sun, we have nuclear winter. We have a situation whereby ice sheets form. You're talking about bodies of water in places like Iowa being frozen for 10 years.

And all of this soot gets lofted into the air, according to Toon, some 300 billion pounds of soot. And what happens? It blocks out the sun. And without sun, we have nuclear winter. We have a situation whereby ice sheets form. You're talking about bodies of water in places like Iowa being frozen for 10 years.

And all of this soot gets lofted into the air, according to Toon, some 300 billion pounds of soot. And what happens? It blocks out the sun. And without sun, we have nuclear winter. We have a situation whereby ice sheets form. You're talking about bodies of water in places like Iowa being frozen for 10 years.

Temperature plummets, right? And there are all kinds of papers that have been written about this using modern calculate, you know, systems. And the numbers vary, but the bottom line is agriculture fails.

Temperature plummets, right? And there are all kinds of papers that have been written about this using modern calculate, you know, systems. And the numbers vary, but the bottom line is agriculture fails.

Temperature plummets, right? And there are all kinds of papers that have been written about this using modern calculate, you know, systems. And the numbers vary, but the bottom line is agriculture fails.

And we haven't even spoken of radiation poisoning because, you know, the radiation poisoning kills many people in the aftermath of the nuclear exchange. But after the nuclear freeze ends, after nuclear winter, you know, after the sun starts to come back, let's say eight, nine, ten years, Now you have no ozone layer or you have a severely depleted ozone layer.

And we haven't even spoken of radiation poisoning because, you know, the radiation poisoning kills many people in the aftermath of the nuclear exchange. But after the nuclear freeze ends, after nuclear winter, you know, after the sun starts to come back, let's say eight, nine, ten years, Now you have no ozone layer or you have a severely depleted ozone layer.

And we haven't even spoken of radiation poisoning because, you know, the radiation poisoning kills many people in the aftermath of the nuclear exchange. But after the nuclear freeze ends, after nuclear winter, you know, after the sun starts to come back, let's say eight, nine, ten years, Now you have no ozone layer or you have a severely depleted ozone layer.

And so the sun's rays are now poisonous. So you have people living underground and you have this great thawing. And with that great thawing comes pathogens and plague. And you have this, you know, system where the small bodied animals, the insects and whatnot, begin reproducing really fast. And the larger body animals like you and me begin to go extinct. Right.

And so the sun's rays are now poisonous. So you have people living underground and you have this great thawing. And with that great thawing comes pathogens and plague. And you have this, you know, system where the small bodied animals, the insects and whatnot, begin reproducing really fast. And the larger body animals like you and me begin to go extinct. Right.