Betül Kaçar

Is it just some chemicals?

Is it some sort of movement?

Like, what is it exactly?

Not only that study, of course, led to a realization that we need experts that can combine or look into some biological process on a rock and interpret it, right?

We didn't have that kind of understanding.

So we got to be a little bit gentle, I think, with what we know now is far more suppressive than what we thought life can, how it can express itself.

I wouldn't go after whether there could be smaller life forms than what they're saying.

But nevertheless, now we can do more.

We can look at isotopes.

We can understand to what degree.

It is actually so crazy.

I mean, think about the sugar molecule or caffeine.

Some people have mugs with a caffeine molecule in it.

We can understand each atom and the discrimination of each atom, their discriminative properties of the atmospheric isotopes.

But we can like atomically explore each atom.

In a complex sugar molecule.

It's a beautiful thing.

Through the Klump's isotope methodology.

And we can attribute whether that value is coming from a biological system or non-biological.

That is so insane to me.