Bliss Chapman

And before the scar tissue or the neomembrane or the new membrane that forms, it's quite easy to just pull them out. And there's minimal trauma that's caused during that. Once the scar tissue forms, and with Nolan as well, we believe that that's the thing that's currently anchoring the threads. So we haven't seen any more movements since then. So they're quite stable.

it gets harder to actually completely extract the threads. So our current method for removing the device is cutting the thread, leaving the tissue intact and then unscrewing and taking the implant up. And that hole is now gonna be plugged with either another Neuralink or just with kind of a peak-based, plastic-based cap. Is it okay to leave the threads in there forever? Yeah, we think so.

it gets harder to actually completely extract the threads. So our current method for removing the device is cutting the thread, leaving the tissue intact and then unscrewing and taking the implant up. And that hole is now gonna be plugged with either another Neuralink or just with kind of a peak-based, plastic-based cap. Is it okay to leave the threads in there forever? Yeah, we think so.

it gets harder to actually completely extract the threads. So our current method for removing the device is cutting the thread, leaving the tissue intact and then unscrewing and taking the implant up. And that hole is now gonna be plugged with either another Neuralink or just with kind of a peak-based, plastic-based cap. Is it okay to leave the threads in there forever? Yeah, we think so.

We've done studies where we left them there. And one of the biggest concerns that we had is like, do they migrate? And do they get to a point where they should not be? We haven't seen that. Again, once the scar tissue forms, they get anchored in place. And I should also say that When we say upgrades, we're not just talking in theory here. We've actually upgraded many, many times.

We've done studies where we left them there. And one of the biggest concerns that we had is like, do they migrate? And do they get to a point where they should not be? We haven't seen that. Again, once the scar tissue forms, they get anchored in place. And I should also say that When we say upgrades, we're not just talking in theory here. We've actually upgraded many, many times.

We've done studies where we left them there. And one of the biggest concerns that we had is like, do they migrate? And do they get to a point where they should not be? We haven't seen that. Again, once the scar tissue forms, they get anchored in place. And I should also say that When we say upgrades, we're not just talking in theory here. We've actually upgraded many, many times.

Most of our monkeys or non-human primates, NHP, have been upgraded. Pager, who you saw playing Mind Pong, has the latest version of the device since two years ago and is seemingly very happy and healthy and fat.

Most of our monkeys or non-human primates, NHP, have been upgraded. Pager, who you saw playing Mind Pong, has the latest version of the device since two years ago and is seemingly very happy and healthy and fat.

Most of our monkeys or non-human primates, NHP, have been upgraded. Pager, who you saw playing Mind Pong, has the latest version of the device since two years ago and is seemingly very happy and healthy and fat.

Yeah, so there are a couple of different things here. So for Nolan, if we were to upgrade, what we would have to do is either cut the threads or extract the threads, depending on the situation there in terms of how they're anchored or scarred in. If you were to remove them with the dual substitute, you have an intact brain, so you can reinsert different threads with the updated implant package.

Yeah, so there are a couple of different things here. So for Nolan, if we were to upgrade, what we would have to do is either cut the threads or extract the threads, depending on the situation there in terms of how they're anchored or scarred in. If you were to remove them with the dual substitute, you have an intact brain, so you can reinsert different threads with the updated implant package.

Yeah, so there are a couple of different things here. So for Nolan, if we were to upgrade, what we would have to do is either cut the threads or extract the threads, depending on the situation there in terms of how they're anchored or scarred in. If you were to remove them with the dual substitute, you have an intact brain, so you can reinsert different threads with the updated implant package.

There are a couple of different ways other ways that we're thinking about the future of what the upgradable system looks like. One is, At the moment, we currently remove the dura, this kind of thick layer that protects the brain. But that actually is the thing that actually proliferates the scar tissue formation.

There are a couple of different ways other ways that we're thinking about the future of what the upgradable system looks like. One is, At the moment, we currently remove the dura, this kind of thick layer that protects the brain. But that actually is the thing that actually proliferates the scar tissue formation.

There are a couple of different ways other ways that we're thinking about the future of what the upgradable system looks like. One is, At the moment, we currently remove the dura, this kind of thick layer that protects the brain. But that actually is the thing that actually proliferates the scar tissue formation.

So typically, the general good rule of thumb is you want to leave the nature as is and not disrupt it as much. So we're looking at ways to insert the threads through the dura, which comes with different set of challenges, such as You know, it's a pretty thick layer. So how do you actually penetrate that without breaking the needle?

So typically, the general good rule of thumb is you want to leave the nature as is and not disrupt it as much. So we're looking at ways to insert the threads through the dura, which comes with different set of challenges, such as You know, it's a pretty thick layer. So how do you actually penetrate that without breaking the needle?

So typically, the general good rule of thumb is you want to leave the nature as is and not disrupt it as much. So we're looking at ways to insert the threads through the dura, which comes with different set of challenges, such as You know, it's a pretty thick layer. So how do you actually penetrate that without breaking the needle?

So we're looking at different needle design for that, as well as the kind of the loop engagement. The other biggest challenges are it's quite opaque optically with white light illumination. So how do you avoid still this biggest advantage that we have of avoiding vasculature? How do you image through that? How do you actually still mediate that?