Camilla Mota

Do scientists know what fish were eating 7,000 years ago? Yes, so they looked at these tiny structures in fish called otoliths. They're also known as ear stones. They're basically little calcium bits in a fish's ear that help with hearing and balance, but also trap chemical signals from what the fish ate during its life. Now, the researchers compared these otoliths

So, Katie, exactly what did they find? So they found that the food chain had compressed, so that big fish are eating lower on the chain, while small fish are creeping up. And also fish have just lost their individuality. They used to specialize, now they don't.

And this matters because? Because variety means that a species can be resilient. So if you lose one food source, it wouldn't wipe out all the fish. You need that diversity. And it's not just fish that are impacted. It's about how the whole ecosystem functions. And now the whole system has basically fundamentally changed. Okay. And is that reversible?

It's unclear. The question would be how can you rebuild complexity and then of course incentivize the fish to eat that complexity. You know, Brazil has been heavily impacted by bleaching as well. It's a big problem here. But before we all got too depressed, I do have a good news story about coral reefs. So Brazilian scientists are teaming up with researchers from elsewhere in the world to see if probiotics could help with coral bleaching. Their research started at the Red Sea where they ran a huge pilot test and now they're trying to scale it up.

Ja koska me rakastamme mikroguttia, Mani...

Odota, kun kuulet tämän. Niin kuin ihmiset, korallit onnistuvat hyvien bakteerien kolonioihin, jotta ne pysyvät tervetullut. Kun ne on stressiä, esimerkiksi kun vesi on kuumempi, parantuminen hyvistä ja bakteerista tapahtuu. Ideana on, että hyvät bakteerit voidaan käyttää korallien auton auton auton auton auton auton auton auton auton auton auton auton auton auton auton auton auton auton auton auton auton auton auton auton auton auton auton auton auton auton auton auton auton auton auton auton auton auton auton auton auton auton auton auton auton auton auton auton auton auton auton auton auton auton auton auton auton auton auton auton aut

And we can actually help. The scientists have even hypothesized that visitors could one day buy a probiotic to sprinkle on coral reefs during diving trips. Yes, doing their part in the global drive to restore damaged marine habitats. That's amazing. Wow, so sort of like you can buy breadcrumbs to feed the birds in sanctuaries sometimes. Yeah.

Maybe that would be more impressive if I knew the song to begin with. But it's pretty musical. I'm impressed by the musicality. Can I ask, because I thought that the clip would make it clearer for me. The sound comes out when you drive. It comes from the contact with the tires and the tar. How does it actually work? If you're driving over these ridges,

So there's one in Korea that is Mary Had a Little Lamb. The country with the most is Japan. There's 30 musical roads installed. And to answer when Karen said I know there's at least one, apparently there's another one on Route 66 that plays America the Beautiful. Wow!

Why would you do that? Especially because it seems like a simple fix, like just put them further apart. Yeah, exactly. If those scientists can do all those unbelievable, you know, testing the ear stones, like surely just like moving the great slightly further apart seems like.

Well, Vanita in Barbados has been in touch to tell us about some bad luck they've had with active volcanoes. Camilla, do you want to read this one out? Sure. Vanita says, I have had three very different experiences with erupting volcanoes. One, the flight disruption caused by the Icelandic one in 2010. An abandoned takeoff due to the closing of airspace and getting home was a logistical nightmare.

Number two, right after COVID restrictions were lifted, our neighboring islands volcanoes started spewing and covered our entire island of Barbados with inches of dust, and our skies were gray for weeks, keeping us trapped in our homes. Number three, flying over active volcanoes in Mexico City. I can't seem to avoid them. You know, I have actually flown over volcanoes on my way from Sao Paulo to Mexico City, and it was completely by chance. You know, when I looked down the window, I was like,

What is that? It was just this... Can you see the orange magma in the... Not the magma, but you can see the smoke. And it's really something, even though you can see magma, it's still something. I was like, look at the, what is that? Why are we flying over this? Exactly, is this safe? Doesn't feel safe. This feels bad. Yeah.

Kamilla, onko sinulla paikkaa keskusteluun? Toivottavasti en, mutta minulla on. Mutta olen järjestäjä. Ja löysin, että se on oikeastaan hyvin vahva. Oletko järjestäjä vai haluatko kaikkea itselleen? Älä koske minun keskusteluani. Kontroversiollisesti en ole keskustelun henkilö. Minun olisi aina hyödyttävä keskustelu. Tai ehkä hieman ruokaa. Mutta partnerini tykkää kokoomusta. Hän on hyvin intensiivinen keskusteluun.

And so I'm like often a one spoon kind of sharer. This is good because you're not treading on each other's territories. No, but I kind of get annoyed that a dessert even has to be ordered because I just think I'm like almost anti-dessert, which is, I don't know, it's shocking. Is it too sweet for you? I mean, when you feel the sugar, it's like, oh, it's too much. It's too much. I think like if I sat down and that was like the meal, it would be a thing, but like I'm just like,