David Reich

with overwhelmingly Papuan ancestry from New Guinea coming into Vanuatu, and that's the origin of the ancestry that's overwhelmingly there in Vanuatu and New Caledonia today.

So there's a two-step process.

The initial step, which is East Asian ancestry and these people who invented outrigger canoe technology and long-distance sailing, and then the technology becomes adopted

by Papuans who are using this culture for the next few hundred years.

We can see them trading back and forth between the Bismarck Archipelago and Vanuatu.

By the end, this culture is carried out by Papuan ancestry, and males from this group then spread into Caledonia and take local females.

But the ancestry is flipped from the way that people have this cognitive bias that it should be.

So people think, oh, it should be the East Asian males kind of somehow dominating the local females or something.

You see the reverse, and this is what's going on.

And it's not like – it's very complicated and subtle.

So when you actually see evidence of males and females behaving differently, it proves that there's socially –

asymmetric behavior of two groups as they interact with.

What it means is confusing.

It could be female mate choice.

It could be violence.

It could be genocide.

It could be different patterns of male and female dispersal with groups who travel being of one sex or the other.

And we can look for clues in the genetic data.

And certainly in concert with the archaeology, we can maybe figure out more.

Yeah.