Dominic Sandbrook

The Turks have not cut and run quite the reverse.

So this is another guy, Eric Moorhead from Victoria.

He says, basically, they went up the hill.

They're expecting to see the enemy there.

We were now in a scrub-covered plain fairly in the open.

No Turks would have been seen, but the air was literally full of bullets and the sound was deafening.

The point-blank explosion of rifles and the concealed snipers firing on us at close quarters.

Our bayonet charge had failed.

The men became disorganised.

Some ran about distractedly, poking in the bushes for Turks.

Others fell on their faces, nerve-wracked by the terrible fire.

So what has happened is this.

The Ottoman troops have let them come inland.

And then at the point where the Turks might have panicked under the Australian onslaught, they have rallied.

And this is thanks to somebody we've already mentioned in this episode, their frontline commander, Lieutenant Colonel Mustafa Kemal.

So up to this point, as we said, he's an obscure sort of nationalist army officer, born in Salonika.

He's a big drinker.

He's very intense, very driven.

But people haven't heard of him.

And this is the moment where, particularly within the army, he becomes a national hero.