Dr. Adeel Khan

Yeah, exactly. Unfortunately, using your own stem cells, there's many reasons not to, but the biggest one is definitely they've gone through a lot of replicative stress because they've gone through their own aging process. And so they can actually have markers of senescence and other even cancer markers as you get older.

Yeah, exactly. Unfortunately, using your own stem cells, there's many reasons not to, but the biggest one is definitely they've gone through a lot of replicative stress because they've gone through their own aging process. And so they can actually have markers of senescence and other even cancer markers as you get older.

So you don't want to take your own stem cells and put them in your body, especially if you're over age 40. But anyway, yeah, back to the point about what these stem cells are doing inside of your body. The mesenchymal stem cells are primarily reducing inflammation via what's called the secretome. So the secretome is kind of the soup that the stem cells grow in or release

So you don't want to take your own stem cells and put them in your body, especially if you're over age 40. But anyway, yeah, back to the point about what these stem cells are doing inside of your body. The mesenchymal stem cells are primarily reducing inflammation via what's called the secretome. So the secretome is kind of the soup that the stem cells grow in or release

and there's signals so there's micro rnas there's what are called cytokines which are these proteins that that help to reduce inflammation there's growth factors so this is all what's called the secretome and depending on what type of secretome the stem cells are releasing dictates their ability to change the micro environment and help with these different cellular processes so for example

and there's signals so there's micro rnas there's what are called cytokines which are these proteins that that help to reduce inflammation there's growth factors so this is all what's called the secretome and depending on what type of secretome the stem cells are releasing dictates their ability to change the micro environment and help with these different cellular processes so for example

the secretome of a stem cell from your own body isn't going to be as good as a secretome from umbilical cord tissue. And you can probably understand that intuitively because it's like, oh yeah, it makes sense. My cells are old. They've gone through X amount of cell damage versus umbilical cord tissue, which doesn't.

the secretome of a stem cell from your own body isn't going to be as good as a secretome from umbilical cord tissue. And you can probably understand that intuitively because it's like, oh yeah, it makes sense. My cells are old. They've gone through X amount of cell damage versus umbilical cord tissue, which doesn't.

And that's why exosomes are such a hot topic because if most of the benefits of mesenchymal stem cells are due to the signaling process, then why not just isolate those signals and inject those? And that's what the exosomes are.

And that's why exosomes are such a hot topic because if most of the benefits of mesenchymal stem cells are due to the signaling process, then why not just isolate those signals and inject those? And that's what the exosomes are.

Yeah, I mean, you kind of just said the definition, which is they're a type of extracellular vesicle, which are just packages by which your cell communicates with other cells. So they help with cell to cell communication. And there's different type of extracellular vesicles. So there's something called apoptotic bodies. There's something called MVBs, which are microvesicle bundles.

Yeah, I mean, you kind of just said the definition, which is they're a type of extracellular vesicle, which are just packages by which your cell communicates with other cells. So they help with cell to cell communication. And there's different type of extracellular vesicles. So there's something called apoptotic bodies. There's something called MVBs, which are microvesicle bundles.

And then there's exosomes, which are the smallest type of extracellular vesicle. So extracellular vesicle or EVs is kind of the class. And then there's different types of EVs and exosomes are the smallest type of EVs. And they're basically to help facilitate cell to cell communication, which interestingly changes as you age.

And then there's exosomes, which are the smallest type of extracellular vesicle. So extracellular vesicle or EVs is kind of the class. And then there's different types of EVs and exosomes are the smallest type of EVs. And they're basically to help facilitate cell to cell communication, which interestingly changes as you age.

So exosomes are also becoming a hot topic in diagnostics because it turns out the exosome profile of your cells as they become cancerous or as they become chronic diseases, you can detect certain exosome products because we did have this technology, right, like five years ago. And now we do. And now we can figure out, hey, the signals your cells are sending are changing.

So exosomes are also becoming a hot topic in diagnostics because it turns out the exosome profile of your cells as they become cancerous or as they become chronic diseases, you can detect certain exosome products because we did have this technology, right, like five years ago. And now we do. And now we can figure out, hey, the signals your cells are sending are changing.

This means that you might be developing this problem. So that's why exosomes are becoming a hot topic in diagnostics too. And then, of course, in intervention or therapeutics, then it makes sense because, like you said, it's all about the signals that are being sent by the stem cells that dictate their ability to modulate or change the cells in a favorable way. And now...

This means that you might be developing this problem. So that's why exosomes are becoming a hot topic in diagnostics too. And then, of course, in intervention or therapeutics, then it makes sense because, like you said, it's all about the signals that are being sent by the stem cells that dictate their ability to modulate or change the cells in a favorable way. And now...

The exosomes can be isolated in a lot of different ways. Previously, it can only be done through, you know, ultra centrifugation of cells that are replicating. So you have to have cells that are replicating, but now that technology is improving so that you can actually get exosomes from terminally differentiated cells.

The exosomes can be isolated in a lot of different ways. Previously, it can only be done through, you know, ultra centrifugation of cells that are replicating. So you have to have cells that are replicating, but now that technology is improving so that you can actually get exosomes from terminally differentiated cells.