Dr. Brian Keating

And worst of all, the signals that he uses are in the exact microwave spectral range that we use to look at the CMB, the cosmic microwave background.

And worst of all, the signals that he uses are in the exact microwave spectral range that we use to look at the CMB, the cosmic microwave background.

No, he said he would look into it, you know, nine months ago. Elon, I know you like the show, so please do reach out to me. But this would be just turning it off when it's over our telescope, basically. And the South Pole. So it's not a big deal.

No, he said he would look into it, you know, nine months ago. Elon, I know you like the show, so please do reach out to me. But this would be just turning it off when it's over our telescope, basically. And the South Pole. So it's not a big deal.

No, he said he would look into it, you know, nine months ago. Elon, I know you like the show, so please do reach out to me. But this would be just turning it off when it's over our telescope, basically. And the South Pole. So it's not a big deal.

There's no one at the South Pole. It's not like he's getting millions of dollars in ad revenue from people at the South Pole. They don't use them. So anyway, I'm asking Elon. It's a small ask. But anyway, so we want to be above the atmosphere, but it's millions and maybe billions of dollars to do that for a telescope like we're using or for an optical telescope here. on Earth.

There's no one at the South Pole. It's not like he's getting millions of dollars in ad revenue from people at the South Pole. They don't use them. So anyway, I'm asking Elon. It's a small ask. But anyway, so we want to be above the atmosphere, but it's millions and maybe billions of dollars to do that for a telescope like we're using or for an optical telescope here. on Earth.

There's no one at the South Pole. It's not like he's getting millions of dollars in ad revenue from people at the South Pole. They don't use them. So anyway, I'm asking Elon. It's a small ask. But anyway, so we want to be above the atmosphere, but it's millions and maybe billions of dollars to do that for a telescope like we're using or for an optical telescope here. on Earth.

So scientists became very convinced that there has to be a way to mitigate the effects of the atmosphere. Now, what is the main effect of the atmosphere? Well, you learned it when you were a kid. Twinkle, twinkle, little star, how I wonder what you are. What is that twinkling? It's called scintillation. Scintillation is the property of a point source

So scientists became very convinced that there has to be a way to mitigate the effects of the atmosphere. Now, what is the main effect of the atmosphere? Well, you learned it when you were a kid. Twinkle, twinkle, little star, how I wonder what you are. What is that twinkling? It's called scintillation. Scintillation is the property of a point source

So scientists became very convinced that there has to be a way to mitigate the effects of the atmosphere. Now, what is the main effect of the atmosphere? Well, you learned it when you were a kid. Twinkle, twinkle, little star, how I wonder what you are. What is that twinkling? It's called scintillation. Scintillation is the property of a point source

which is a star is so far away, even though they're enormous, they still only subtend a zero-dimensional, almost zero-dimensional dot of light on the sky. When it goes through the atmosphere, the atmosphere has macroscopic turbulence features. The atmosphere is a fluid. There's turbulence, there's roiling columns, there's cells of the atmosphere.

which is a star is so far away, even though they're enormous, they still only subtend a zero-dimensional, almost zero-dimensional dot of light on the sky. When it goes through the atmosphere, the atmosphere has macroscopic turbulence features. The atmosphere is a fluid. There's turbulence, there's roiling columns, there's cells of the atmosphere.

which is a star is so far away, even though they're enormous, they still only subtend a zero-dimensional, almost zero-dimensional dot of light on the sky. When it goes through the atmosphere, the atmosphere has macroscopic turbulence features. The atmosphere is a fluid. There's turbulence, there's roiling columns, there's cells of the atmosphere.

And if you've ever looked at a star, they jitter, looks like they're moving around. And that's the combination of the atmospheric cells. Each column of air that has slightly more density will refract light slightly different angles. Remember we talked about light when it goes through a lens, it refracts, it bends.

And if you've ever looked at a star, they jitter, looks like they're moving around. And that's the combination of the atmospheric cells. Each column of air that has slightly more density will refract light slightly different angles. Remember we talked about light when it goes through a lens, it refracts, it bends.

And if you've ever looked at a star, they jitter, looks like they're moving around. And that's the combination of the atmospheric cells. Each column of air that has slightly more density will refract light slightly different angles. Remember we talked about light when it goes through a lens, it refracts, it bends.

It's coming through, it's getting deflected slightly, and it's moving and it's landing on different retinal cells. and we're perceiving that as this motion or in a CCD array, it's also landing on different pixels. So you can't get away from it by using technology. It's still an effect. It's caused by these atmospheric turbulent cells.

It's coming through, it's getting deflected slightly, and it's moving and it's landing on different retinal cells. and we're perceiving that as this motion or in a CCD array, it's also landing on different pixels. So you can't get away from it by using technology. It's still an effect. It's caused by these atmospheric turbulent cells.

It's coming through, it's getting deflected slightly, and it's moving and it's landing on different retinal cells. and we're perceiving that as this motion or in a CCD array, it's also landing on different pixels. So you can't get away from it by using technology. It's still an effect. It's caused by these atmospheric turbulent cells.