Dr. Brian Keating

So someday we'll get there. We'll find some piece of it. Now, could some of it have a tardigrade on it? Could some of it have a protozoan on it? Obviously it could.

It could have – what's an adaptogen? I have no idea. An adaptogen? You talk about adaptogens.

It could have – what's an adaptogen? I have no idea. An adaptogen? You talk about adaptogens.

It could have – what's an adaptogen? I have no idea. An adaptogen? You talk about adaptogens.

Okay, it's not biological necessarily.

Okay, it's not biological necessarily.

Okay, it's not biological necessarily.

Okay. So one theory of the formation of life on Earth, you asked me about that earlier, the origin of life on Earth is a huge mystery. How did life get here? One proposition was made by Fred Hoyle and other people. It sounds dirty, but it's not. It's called panspermia. It just means that genetic material has been transferred from another astronomical object landed here on Earth.

Okay. So one theory of the formation of life on Earth, you asked me about that earlier, the origin of life on Earth is a huge mystery. How did life get here? One proposition was made by Fred Hoyle and other people. It sounds dirty, but it's not. It's called panspermia. It just means that genetic material has been transferred from another astronomical object landed here on Earth.

Okay. So one theory of the formation of life on Earth, you asked me about that earlier, the origin of life on Earth is a huge mystery. How did life get here? One proposition was made by Fred Hoyle and other people. It sounds dirty, but it's not. It's called panspermia. It just means that genetic material has been transferred from another astronomical object landed here on Earth.

So the converse reaction occurs as well. But the fact is we don't observe it even on Mars. So if I told you we've discovered a planet and there's another planet right next to it and it has almost the same conditions. It's in the so-called Goldilocks zone where the temperature is just right to have liquid water, which Mars can have on it at certain times of the year in certain places on Mars.

So the converse reaction occurs as well. But the fact is we don't observe it even on Mars. So if I told you we've discovered a planet and there's another planet right next to it and it has almost the same conditions. It's in the so-called Goldilocks zone where the temperature is just right to have liquid water, which Mars can have on it at certain times of the year in certain places on Mars.

So the converse reaction occurs as well. But the fact is we don't observe it even on Mars. So if I told you we've discovered a planet and there's another planet right next to it and it has almost the same conditions. It's in the so-called Goldilocks zone where the temperature is just right to have liquid water, which Mars can have on it at certain times of the year in certain places on Mars.

It had flowing water on it. We know for sure Mars had flowing water on it. We know for sure that material from the Earth got there when Earth had life on it. So the absence of life on Mars is a data point. It's not probative or provative. It's positive rather that life couldn't exist on Mars. We haven't searched all of Mars. But it at least shows that there's an impediment to it.

It had flowing water on it. We know for sure Mars had flowing water on it. We know for sure that material from the Earth got there when Earth had life on it. So the absence of life on Mars is a data point. It's not probative or provative. It's positive rather that life couldn't exist on Mars. We haven't searched all of Mars. But it at least shows that there's an impediment to it.

It had flowing water on it. We know for sure Mars had flowing water on it. We know for sure that material from the Earth got there when Earth had life on it. So the absence of life on Mars is a data point. It's not probative or provative. It's positive rather that life couldn't exist on Mars. We haven't searched all of Mars. But it at least shows that there's an impediment to it.

So people are fond of saying – As I told you earlier, there's about 10 to the 24th planets probably in our observable universe. Going back to the Big Bang, going out to the farthest reaches of the universe. But even if you just take the Milky Way galaxy, there's probably literally hundreds of billions of planets in our galaxy alone.

So people are fond of saying – As I told you earlier, there's about 10 to the 24th planets probably in our observable universe. Going back to the Big Bang, going out to the farthest reaches of the universe. But even if you just take the Milky Way galaxy, there's probably literally hundreds of billions of planets in our galaxy alone.

So people are fond of saying – As I told you earlier, there's about 10 to the 24th planets probably in our observable universe. Going back to the Big Bang, going out to the farthest reaches of the universe. But even if you just take the Milky Way galaxy, there's probably literally hundreds of billions of planets in our galaxy alone.

And when you look at that, people like to say, as Carl Sagan did, if there's no life, it's an awful waste of space, right? Why is there so much space and there's no life? It seems incomprehensible. But nature – I love when atheist scientists will say like you propose God exists and that's the God of the gaps to explain things that you don't understand.