Dr. Ellen Langer

And I talk about this in the book when I talk about three levels, you know, that in the example I use, The New Yorker is a wonderful magazine, but let's say we have three levels. Level one, people who don't read The New Yorker. Level two, people who read The New Yorker. Level three, people who don't read The New Yorker anymore. We could have them read it again, but let's just skip first, okay?

And I talk about this in the book when I talk about three levels, you know, that in the example I use, The New Yorker is a wonderful magazine, but let's say we have three levels. Level one, people who don't read The New Yorker. Level two, people who read The New Yorker. Level three, people who don't read The New Yorker anymore. We could have them read it again, but let's just skip first, okay?

Level one, not reading, and those not reading it anymore are very different. but they're seen as the same by the level twos. Level two people are the bane of my existence. All right. So let's say you have, you're young, you're uninhibited, level one. Then you're like most people, you become very inhibited. Then hopefully you get to a certain point in life, you say, who cares? And you become

Level one, not reading, and those not reading it anymore are very different. but they're seen as the same by the level twos. Level two people are the bane of my existence. All right. So let's say you have, you're young, you're uninhibited, level one. Then you're like most people, you become very inhibited. Then hopefully you get to a certain point in life, you say, who cares? And you become

Level one, not reading, and those not reading it anymore are very different. but they're seen as the same by the level twos. Level two people are the bane of my existence. All right. So let's say you have, you're young, you're uninhibited, level one. Then you're like most people, you become very inhibited. Then hopefully you get to a certain point in life, you say, who cares? And you become

Not uninhibited because you know the rule. You're just choosing not to follow it. But those at the level two will see the level three and think they're level ones because you can't see beyond your own level of development.

Not uninhibited because you know the rule. You're just choosing not to follow it. But those at the level two will see the level three and think they're level ones because you can't see beyond your own level of development.

Not uninhibited because you know the rule. You're just choosing not to follow it. But those at the level two will see the level three and think they're level ones because you can't see beyond your own level of development.

When I was young, especially if I'm on an important show like yours, Andrew, and we just took a break for a minute and if I had eaten something and I got a spot on my sweater, I'd sit like this. Not even realizing how stupid does this look, right? But that no one should see that I got, you know.

When I was young, especially if I'm on an important show like yours, Andrew, and we just took a break for a minute and if I had eaten something and I got a spot on my sweater, I'd sit like this. Not even realizing how stupid does this look, right? But that no one should see that I got, you know.

When I was young, especially if I'm on an important show like yours, Andrew, and we just took a break for a minute and if I had eaten something and I got a spot on my sweater, I'd sit like this. Not even realizing how stupid does this look, right? But that no one should see that I got, you know.

Who cares? So I do this thing with my students and it's very simple, but it has a very big effect on them. Where I tell them, you can't come to class next week unless you're wearing two different shoes, right? Very hard. Some won't come to class. Most come. Then a large majority wear two different shoes that look the same, two different black sneakers.

Who cares? So I do this thing with my students and it's very simple, but it has a very big effect on them. Where I tell them, you can't come to class next week unless you're wearing two different shoes, right? Very hard. Some won't come to class. Most come. Then a large majority wear two different shoes that look the same, two different black sneakers.

Who cares? So I do this thing with my students and it's very simple, but it has a very big effect on them. Where I tell them, you can't come to class next week unless you're wearing two different shoes, right? Very hard. Some won't come to class. Most come. Then a large majority wear two different shoes that look the same, two different black sneakers.

And then you have the bold where you're red and a black sneaker. That's cool. And we talk about nobody even notice. And if they notice, what are they noticing? Somebody who knows you is not going to judge you differently because you're wearing two different – they can assume there's some reason for it. And those who don't know you don't know you, so what do you care? Sorry.

And then you have the bold where you're red and a black sneaker. That's cool. And we talk about nobody even notice. And if they notice, what are they noticing? Somebody who knows you is not going to judge you differently because you're wearing two different – they can assume there's some reason for it. And those who don't know you don't know you, so what do you care? Sorry.

And then you have the bold where you're red and a black sneaker. That's cool. And we talk about nobody even notice. And if they notice, what are they noticing? Somebody who knows you is not going to judge you differently because you're wearing two different – they can assume there's some reason for it. And those who don't know you don't know you, so what do you care? Sorry.

This wonderful young woman, I did this in my seminar as well. That was in the lecture class. She comes in, she says, Professor Langer, you won't believe what happened. I said, what happened? She said, I'm in the elevator. There's this guy. He looks at my feet. He looks at my face. He looks at my feet. He looks at my face. He looks at my feet and he points and he says, was that intentional?

This wonderful young woman, I did this in my seminar as well. That was in the lecture class. She comes in, she says, Professor Langer, you won't believe what happened. I said, what happened? She said, I'm in the elevator. There's this guy. He looks at my feet. He looks at my face. He looks at my feet. He looks at my face. He looks at my feet and he points and he says, was that intentional?

This wonderful young woman, I did this in my seminar as well. That was in the lecture class. She comes in, she says, Professor Langer, you won't believe what happened. I said, what happened? She said, I'm in the elevator. There's this guy. He looks at my feet. He looks at my face. He looks at my feet. He looks at my face. He looks at my feet and he points and he says, was that intentional?