Dr. Giulia Enders

speaker

1,405 appearances 4 recordings 4 series first heard Apr 2026 last heard 26 Jun

Dr. Giulia Enders’s voice in public audio — every appearance, attributed to the second.

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recordings per month · last 12 months

Recordings per month over the last 12 months — 4 in all, peaking in Jun 2026 with 2.

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ZOE Science & Nutrition · How 'boosting' your immune system increases inflammation and 4 ways to support balance instead | Dr Giulia Enders · 7 May 2026 podcast

And so how does our immune system tell whether this is a good microbe and I want it as like an extended part of my immune system or this is like a bad microbe and I need to try and get rid of it?

There is different immune cells and there's different ways of how they look at us.

And some will go with very basic ground rules.

Like they'll say if there's a leakage of intracellular liquids, like, you know, the plasma of the cell basically running out because a cell is damaged.

A cell wall was damaged by a microbe, for example.

And this is a typical pattern where some sort of immune cell will go there and be like, whoa.

Why is there, you know, a cell leakage?

What happened here?

And it'll create attention and it'll catch other immune systems, cells going there.

And they will then, with their way of looking at cells, see if something's wrong.

Other cells, for example, will attach to special receptors where there's always a tiny piece of protein showing what the cell has been doing.

throughout the day.

And if this protein suddenly is weird, like one that are actually in virus made and not the cell itself, then those immune cells will say, oh, something's really wrong here.

And other immune cells will have just receptors for typical patterns of microbial walls.

So they'd say, hmm, this is usually not a good microbe that I have learned, you know, to form this receptor against to notice it.

So there's very, very different ways of immune cells asking us and ourselves the questions, how are you doing?

And then there's this conversation that all of these immune cells have with each other.

Let's say all of these types are alarmed at the same time.

Oh, then it's really going down because then they're super sure that something's wrong, like with a viral infection, for example.

But if just one of them is alerted and it asks all the others and they're like, no, no, you're maybe just a bit panicky.

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