Dr. Henry Gee

There's a very famous Neanderthal grave at Shanidar in what is now Iraq, where there's signs of concentrations of pollen, which suggests that they marked their dead with their funeral traditions. But some early Neanderthals looked up at the Tibetan plateau and thought, that looks like a nice place.

There's a very famous Neanderthal grave at Shanidar in what is now Iraq, where there's signs of concentrations of pollen, which suggests that they marked their dead with their funeral traditions. But some early Neanderthals looked up at the Tibetan plateau and thought, that looks like a nice place.

And as they climbed, they evolved into these Neanderthal cousins, the Denisovans, which are Neanderthals. As far as we know, nobody's found much. There's a bit of jaw and some teeth and some hand bones, but they're mostly known from their DNA, which has been extracted. These lived on the roof of the world, which is almost the most inhospitable place you can live, except for Antarctica.

And as they climbed, they evolved into these Neanderthal cousins, the Denisovans, which are Neanderthals. As far as we know, nobody's found much. There's a bit of jaw and some teeth and some hand bones, but they're mostly known from their DNA, which has been extracted. These lived on the roof of the world, which is almost the most inhospitable place you can live, except for Antarctica.

And as they climbed, they evolved into these Neanderthal cousins, the Denisovans, which are Neanderthals. As far as we know, nobody's found much. There's a bit of jaw and some teeth and some hand bones, but they're mostly known from their DNA, which has been extracted. These lived on the roof of the world, which is almost the most inhospitable place you can live, except for Antarctica.

And they evolved into these creatures, the genusophans. And we know they evolved at high altitude because... After they evolved at high altitude, they came back down again, and traces of their DNA are found in many people who live in East and Southeast Asia to this day. And a gene from Denisovans is the gene that allows modern Tibetans to breathe easily at high altitudes.

And they evolved into these creatures, the genusophans. And we know they evolved at high altitude because... After they evolved at high altitude, they came back down again, and traces of their DNA are found in many people who live in East and Southeast Asia to this day. And a gene from Denisovans is the gene that allows modern Tibetans to breathe easily at high altitudes.

And they evolved into these creatures, the genusophans. And we know they evolved at high altitude because... After they evolved at high altitude, they came back down again, and traces of their DNA are found in many people who live in East and Southeast Asia to this day. And a gene from Denisovans is the gene that allows modern Tibetans to breathe easily at high altitudes.

So all these Sherpas who go up and down Everest and don't get the credit, they all have these genes from Denisovans that allow them to breathe in low oxygen engines. So that was the Denisovans. So we had these Yetis, and we had the Troglodytes, and we had the Hobbits, and we had these beefy giants.

So all these Sherpas who go up and down Everest and don't get the credit, they all have these genes from Denisovans that allow them to breathe in low oxygen engines. So that was the Denisovans. So we had these Yetis, and we had the Troglodytes, and we had the Hobbits, and we had these beefy giants.

So all these Sherpas who go up and down Everest and don't get the credit, they all have these genes from Denisovans that allow them to breathe in low oxygen engines. So that was the Denisovans. So we had these Yetis, and we had the Troglodytes, and we had the Hobbits, and we had these beefy giants.

All were the heirs of Homo erectus, and so was Homo sapiens, which originated in Africa at about the same time that Neanderthals originated in Europe.

All were the heirs of Homo erectus, and so was Homo sapiens, which originated in Africa at about the same time that Neanderthals originated in Europe.

All were the heirs of Homo erectus, and so was Homo sapiens, which originated in Africa at about the same time that Neanderthals originated in Europe.

Yes. Modern humans, Homo sapiens, originated as far as we know. I mean, the dates keep being put back and back. The earliest evidence comes from Morocco, from a site called Jebel Irhoud, which has been known for a long time. And every so often, more bones and skulls are dug up.

Yes. Modern humans, Homo sapiens, originated as far as we know. I mean, the dates keep being put back and back. The earliest evidence comes from Morocco, from a site called Jebel Irhoud, which has been known for a long time. And every so often, more bones and skulls are dug up.

Yes. Modern humans, Homo sapiens, originated as far as we know. I mean, the dates keep being put back and back. The earliest evidence comes from Morocco, from a site called Jebel Irhoud, which has been known for a long time. And every so often, more bones and skulls are dug up.

And the latest news from Jebel Irhoud is that there were skulls of something that looked very like Homo sapiens 315,000 years ago or thereabouts. There are other similar skulls from Ethiopia that look a bit like Homo sapiens, but it has to be said that these look pretty rough ingredients. They didn't look completely like modern humans, so they were...

And the latest news from Jebel Irhoud is that there were skulls of something that looked very like Homo sapiens 315,000 years ago or thereabouts. There are other similar skulls from Ethiopia that look a bit like Homo sapiens, but it has to be said that these look pretty rough ingredients. They didn't look completely like modern humans, so they were...

And the latest news from Jebel Irhoud is that there were skulls of something that looked very like Homo sapiens 315,000 years ago or thereabouts. There are other similar skulls from Ethiopia that look a bit like Homo sapiens, but it has to be said that these look pretty rough ingredients. They didn't look completely like modern humans, so they were...