Dr. Jocelyn Wittstein

There's a very interesting Finnish study where they followed these sets of monozygotic twins like for years and years and years.

And it's a small study, but they had these 15...

twins sets where one woman was on hormone therapy and one wasn't.

Oh my gosh.

And they've followed them for years and they show that they're in, again, this is a small city, but so niche.

And how would you get this group?

Cause they have such good studies in Scandinavian countries and they show a positive effect of hormone therapy on maintenance of muscle mass.

So I think that is evolving.

And I think, um, in terms of the whole muscle mass aspect of thing, I,

Like, I would like to see more research on, you know, and it's possible I just haven't found it because I read a lot of research, but I also have a full clinical and surgical schedule.

So I could easily, I could miss something, but I don't think.

If someone is doing research and has data on more like muscular endurance or fatigue with or without hormone therapy, I don't know the data on that.

And I wonder about that.

And I think about that because we think about it in sports medicine sometimes in terms of, you know, and that's one of the hypotheses about maybe potentially having increased ACL risk during luteal phase is their more muscular fatigue at a lower estrogen state.

And we know that estrogen relates to, you know, glucose utilization and metabolism in muscle.

So it would make sense to me that there could be some effect on, you know, fatigue.

But in any case, so we have potential effects on muscle.

Some of that thought process comes from what we know about mice, oophorectorized mice having less, you know, satellite muscle cells, loss of muscle mass.

Now, like you said, we don't really have a perimenopause or menopause model necessarily with mice.

It's more like an equivalent of surgical menopause.