Dr. Kevin MacDonald

There was no gold trade, we think, at that time, for example, which was a big driving force earlier on. Of course, the ivory wouldn't preserve at Knock just because of the soil conditions, so we wouldn't be able to say... I can't remember seeing much in the way of referencing ivory in the statuettes themselves. So that was just sort of a spontaneous speculation on my part.

There was no gold trade, we think, at that time, for example, which was a big driving force earlier on. Of course, the ivory wouldn't preserve at Knock just because of the soil conditions, so we wouldn't be able to say... I can't remember seeing much in the way of referencing ivory in the statuettes themselves. So that was just sort of a spontaneous speculation on my part.

There was no gold trade, we think, at that time, for example, which was a big driving force earlier on. Of course, the ivory wouldn't preserve at Knock just because of the soil conditions, so we wouldn't be able to say... I can't remember seeing much in the way of referencing ivory in the statuettes themselves. So that was just sort of a spontaneous speculation on my part.

But they had to have something that would have been enough to allow them to get... large quantities of carnelian in exchange. So yeah, it's a question of what that was.

But they had to have something that would have been enough to allow them to get... large quantities of carnelian in exchange. So yeah, it's a question of what that was.

But they had to have something that would have been enough to allow them to get... large quantities of carnelian in exchange. So yeah, it's a question of what that was.

Well, the statues themselves are both anthropomorphic or depicting humans or human-like forms, and they're also zoomorphic. So there's one I remember, which is a serpent coiled around a tree and things like that. So you have a wide range of things being depicted. What's incredible is, in terms of the human forms, is how individual they are.

Well, the statues themselves are both anthropomorphic or depicting humans or human-like forms, and they're also zoomorphic. So there's one I remember, which is a serpent coiled around a tree and things like that. So you have a wide range of things being depicted. What's incredible is, in terms of the human forms, is how individual they are.

Well, the statues themselves are both anthropomorphic or depicting humans or human-like forms, and they're also zoomorphic. So there's one I remember, which is a serpent coiled around a tree and things like that. So you have a wide range of things being depicted. What's incredible is, in terms of the human forms, is how individual they are.

I mean, it seems like they're showing individual personalities. They have different sorts of hairstyles. Some have facial hair, some don't. You can have individuals that just have goatees. You can have individuals which have sort of more of a fuller beard with a moustache as well.

I mean, it seems like they're showing individual personalities. They have different sorts of hairstyles. Some have facial hair, some don't. You can have individuals that just have goatees. You can have individuals which have sort of more of a fuller beard with a moustache as well.

I mean, it seems like they're showing individual personalities. They have different sorts of hairstyles. Some have facial hair, some don't. You can have individuals that just have goatees. You can have individuals which have sort of more of a fuller beard with a moustache as well.

Again, you have the idiosyncrasies of individuals who are wearing their hair in a particular way, who are wearing different sorts of adornments in an individual way, who are being presented as, you know, there's not, I've never seen two that are quite alike. But additionally, you have statues which combine human and animal forms. Ah, interesting.

Again, you have the idiosyncrasies of individuals who are wearing their hair in a particular way, who are wearing different sorts of adornments in an individual way, who are being presented as, you know, there's not, I've never seen two that are quite alike. But additionally, you have statues which combine human and animal forms. Ah, interesting.

Again, you have the idiosyncrasies of individuals who are wearing their hair in a particular way, who are wearing different sorts of adornments in an individual way, who are being presented as, you know, there's not, I've never seen two that are quite alike. But additionally, you have statues which combine human and animal forms. Ah, interesting.

So, for example, you have sort of a genre where you have depictions of people with bird beaks. So he's sort of combining these aspects. But I would say the majority are depictions of human beings and individuals. And so the question then is, are these human beings of this earth, or are they imagined for sort of godlike or ancestral figures? And what are they being used for?

So, for example, you have sort of a genre where you have depictions of people with bird beaks. So he's sort of combining these aspects. But I would say the majority are depictions of human beings and individuals. And so the question then is, are these human beings of this earth, or are they imagined for sort of godlike or ancestral figures? And what are they being used for?

So, for example, you have sort of a genre where you have depictions of people with bird beaks. So he's sort of combining these aspects. But I would say the majority are depictions of human beings and individuals. And so the question then is, are these human beings of this earth, or are they imagined for sort of godlike or ancestral figures? And what are they being used for?

And the old idea, so the first archaeologist to work on the Nocte Calus and publish a book on them was Bernard Fagg. One of his hypotheses was that these might have been, because they're sort of tubular and they're hollow, right? I mean, they're not, they do a lot to disguise the tubular nature, but he was saying they could be used as finials at the entrances of houses.

And the old idea, so the first archaeologist to work on the Nocte Calus and publish a book on them was Bernard Fagg. One of his hypotheses was that these might have been, because they're sort of tubular and they're hollow, right? I mean, they're not, they do a lot to disguise the tubular nature, but he was saying they could be used as finials at the entrances of houses.