Dr. Kevin Tracey

And it was a small percentage that was almost the exact same percentage of people in the active group who thought they could feel it.

So it's pretty, there's no perfect control for a procedure like this, obviously, but that's pretty darn close to perfect.

The set point device is called an immunoregulator.

And technically, it goes on the vagus nerve and puts electric pulses into the vagus nerve.

So yes, it's a vagus nerve stimulator, but it's very different from what's been used for 40 years to treat epilepsy and depression.

So the signal, I mean, the devices are different and the signals are different, but the biggest difference we could talk about first is that the signals that are used to treat epilepsy and depression by historic precedent, those signals are on for five minutes at a time, then off for five minutes, 24 hours a day, 365 days a year.

So there's a 12-hour duty cycle at five milliamps

as opposed to a one-minute duty cycle in 24 hours at three to 400 microamps.

Oh, wow.

And the reason is we understand the biology of how the inflammatory reflex down-regulates cytokine storm.

And the one-minute activation in the neck drives signals down into the ganglia of the abdomen, which are relayed into the splenic nerve and the spleen.

And at every step in the sequence,

from the vagus nerve to the ganglia, from the ganglia to the splenic nerve, from the splenic nerve to the T-cells, and from the T-cells to the monocytes, you have this thousand-fold amplification of the signal, and you have a persistence of the signal that goes on for hours and hours afterwards with neurotransmitter release that suppresses the cytokines.

So one minute gives you 12 hours of protection.

Well, yeah.

That's going to get me to say all for anything in medicine, right?

Nothing's going to work for everybody all the time.

But you're going to see, yeah.

I think you're going to see a lot more clinical trials.

So we've seen very impressive open-label trials for inflammatory bowel disease.