Dr. Layne Norton

I'm like, there's so much stuff that I just don't believe. I want to see 10, 20 studies before I go. Yeah. You know? And the other thing I'll tell people is, Hey, I don't plant my flag real strong very often. So when you see me do it, I'm not saying I'm not fallible, but if you see me do it, you probably should pay attention because I don't usually do that.

Yeah. So we actually looked for this for years. So a few things. There was some other studies that supported that. We called it a refractory response. Actually, we didn't name it that. There was another lab named it that. Basically, that protein synthesis was becoming refractory to the signal for protein synthesis. So just for real quick, I'm going to try and explain this easily.

Yeah. So we actually looked for this for years. So a few things. There was some other studies that supported that. We called it a refractory response. Actually, we didn't name it that. There was another lab named it that. Basically, that protein synthesis was becoming refractory to the signal for protein synthesis. So just for real quick, I'm going to try and explain this easily.

Yeah. So we actually looked for this for years. So a few things. There was some other studies that supported that. We called it a refractory response. Actually, we didn't name it that. There was another lab named it that. Basically, that protein synthesis was becoming refractory to the signal for protein synthesis. So just for real quick, I'm going to try and explain this easily.

So protein synthesis, you know, this sounds like probably a very abstract thing, but it's how you make your body makes more protein. And whether it's in skeletal muscle, whether it's in the liver, whatever, you have your DNA, which is your genetic code, right? And then that gets transcribed to an mRNA. By the way, I'm leaving out a lot of steps here, but just bear with me.

So protein synthesis, you know, this sounds like probably a very abstract thing, but it's how you make your body makes more protein. And whether it's in skeletal muscle, whether it's in the liver, whatever, you have your DNA, which is your genetic code, right? And then that gets transcribed to an mRNA. By the way, I'm leaving out a lot of steps here, but just bear with me.

So protein synthesis, you know, this sounds like probably a very abstract thing, but it's how you make your body makes more protein. And whether it's in skeletal muscle, whether it's in the liver, whatever, you have your DNA, which is your genetic code, right? And then that gets transcribed to an mRNA. By the way, I'm leaving out a lot of steps here, but just bear with me.

That mRNA gets translated by a ribosome into a polypeptide chain or a protein. So a ribosome is basically attaching to the mRNA and then based on the mRNA sequence is bringing in amino acids to match that sequence. So all the proteins in your body are coded for in your DNA, right? So when it comes to this process,

That mRNA gets translated by a ribosome into a polypeptide chain or a protein. So a ribosome is basically attaching to the mRNA and then based on the mRNA sequence is bringing in amino acids to match that sequence. So all the proteins in your body are coded for in your DNA, right? So when it comes to this process,

That mRNA gets translated by a ribosome into a polypeptide chain or a protein. So a ribosome is basically attaching to the mRNA and then based on the mRNA sequence is bringing in amino acids to match that sequence. So all the proteins in your body are coded for in your DNA, right? So when it comes to this process,

There's a complex called EIF4F, which acts as a scaffold for the ribosome to hook on to the mRNA. And EIF4F, the formation of it, is basically rate-limited by the association of two proteins called EIF4E and EIF4G. And EIF4E is bound by a binding protein, 4-EBP1.

There's a complex called EIF4F, which acts as a scaffold for the ribosome to hook on to the mRNA. And EIF4F, the formation of it, is basically rate-limited by the association of two proteins called EIF4E and EIF4G. And EIF4E is bound by a binding protein, 4-EBP1.

There's a complex called EIF4F, which acts as a scaffold for the ribosome to hook on to the mRNA. And EIF4F, the formation of it, is basically rate-limited by the association of two proteins called EIF4E and EIF4G. And EIF4E is bound by a binding protein, 4-EBP1.

And when you stimulate, when leucine stimulates mTOR, mTOR stimulates the phosphorylation of 4-ABP1, which makes it unavailable for binding with EIF4E. It can bind to EIF4G. that EIF4F complex can be made, brings the ribosome onto the mRNA, and now it can read, it can translate it. So there's a little cellular biology lesson for you.

And when you stimulate, when leucine stimulates mTOR, mTOR stimulates the phosphorylation of 4-ABP1, which makes it unavailable for binding with EIF4E. It can bind to EIF4G. that EIF4F complex can be made, brings the ribosome onto the mRNA, and now it can read, it can translate it. So there's a little cellular biology lesson for you.

And when you stimulate, when leucine stimulates mTOR, mTOR stimulates the phosphorylation of 4-ABP1, which makes it unavailable for binding with EIF4E. It can bind to EIF4G. that EIF4F complex can be made, brings the ribosome onto the mRNA, and now it can read, it can translate it. So there's a little cellular biology lesson for you.

So another lab called it the, the muscle full effect. Basically the idea is like once you've initiated that signal, uh, it kind of runs and then it's done, right? And just pounding more amino acids into the system is not going to further stimulate. In fact, there was a study done back in, I think it was 2001 by, I want to say by Rennie, another very well-known protein lab.

So another lab called it the, the muscle full effect. Basically the idea is like once you've initiated that signal, uh, it kind of runs and then it's done, right? And just pounding more amino acids into the system is not going to further stimulate. In fact, there was a study done back in, I think it was 2001 by, I want to say by Rennie, another very well-known protein lab.

So another lab called it the, the muscle full effect. Basically the idea is like once you've initiated that signal, uh, it kind of runs and then it's done, right? And just pounding more amino acids into the system is not going to further stimulate. In fact, there was a study done back in, I think it was 2001 by, I want to say by Rennie, another very well-known protein lab.

And they infused essential amino acids for six hours and looked at skeletal muscle protein synthesis. And they found it went up and then came back down by two hours and then never went back up, right? Good experiment. Yeah, very interesting. So- We looked at a bunch of different things.