Dr. Martin Picard

And their purpose is to process, transform energy.

And one of the ways in which they transform energy is taking raw energy from biochemistry, the food you eat, empowered by oxygen to flow those electrons and then making – building a charge and then powering this beautiful rotor.

Some people might have seen this.

It's kind of a rotary –

engine kind of thing, a turbine.

And then when mitochondria build their membrane potential to become charged, they use that charge to power the rotation of this turbine.

And then as the turbine turns, it converts ADP into ATP.

So now you have conversion of biochemistry into electricity and electrochemical charge in the mitochondria back into biochemistry, ATP.

Yeah, how does a mitochondrion, right?

Singular is mitochondrion and multiple is mitochondria.

How does a mitochondrion in a heart cell know that it needs to be a cardiac mitochondrion?

Right?

Is that your question?

No, they're genetically exactly the same.

And that's another kind of punch to the gene-based model of biology.

How could it be that every cell in your body is genetically identical and the mitochondria have their own

genetic material.

We all have our mom's mitochondria, which is really beautiful.

Is that true?

Correct.