Dr. Michael Snyder

It's not pure one or the other.

So we think actually the subtyping is a big deal because, again, it determines your lifestyle, choices you might make to better control your glucose, and, of course, drug responses as well.

So we think that's important.

Well, if you include beta cell defects as part of insulin management, then the number is probably very high.

But I honestly don't know the answer.

I don't think we fully know the answer because people haven't done the sub-phenotyping like I've described.

We don't know how many people have incretin defects.

We are getting there with insulin resistance and such, but I don't think we're fully there.

But I want to correct something that you said.

I mean, it's very much the case when you see someone who's thin, you can't assume they're not diabetic.

This is very common, especially in South Asians, to see them diabetics.

And I'm a good example.

No one would call me overweight by any definition that I'm a diabetic and I have a beta cell defect.

And I used to think a lot of people who are thin diabetics probably have beta cell defects.

But it's not that simple.

Some do and some don't.

Some are insulin resistant.

And then there are other people, believe it or not, who are very obese by any clinical measure or what have you.

And they have very good glucose control.

So there are a lot of things we don't fully understand.