Dr. Sarah Berry

At the end of that, we measured lots of health outcomes, one of which was a particular measure that we do to look at people's vascular function, so their blood vessel function. It's a measure called flow-mediated dilation. It tells us in really simple terms kind of how healthy the blood vessels are.

At the end of that, we measured lots of health outcomes, one of which was a particular measure that we do to look at people's vascular function, so their blood vessel function. It's a measure called flow-mediated dilation. It tells us in really simple terms kind of how healthy the blood vessels are.

And what we found was the improvement in blood vessel function following having almond nuts versus having typical UK snacks equated to a 30% reduction in cardiovascular disease.

And what we found was the improvement in blood vessel function following having almond nuts versus having typical UK snacks equated to a 30% reduction in cardiovascular disease.

Six weeks.

Six weeks.

And do you know what I think's really... interesting about this is it's one simple single dietary strategy and snacks are under our own control typically what i have as a snack isn't determined by my fussy kids what i have as a snack quite often isn't determined where i am at that point in time because i can bring my snacks with me it's a really simple single dietary strategy that can have a big

And do you know what I think's really... interesting about this is it's one simple single dietary strategy and snacks are under our own control typically what i have as a snack isn't determined by my fussy kids what i have as a snack quite often isn't determined where i am at that point in time because i can bring my snacks with me it's a really simple single dietary strategy that can have a big

And I think that that's really important. It is really important, though, Stephen, at this point, that I do say that I have actually had funding from the Alma Board of California, and they did fund that study. Although the way we conduct our RCTs, the funders have no impact over the study design or, you know, they don't get to see the raw data or the paper before we're publishing it.

And I think that that's really important. It is really important, though, Stephen, at this point, that I do say that I have actually had funding from the Alma Board of California, and they did fund that study. Although the way we conduct our RCTs, the funders have no impact over the study design or, you know, they don't get to see the raw data or the paper before we're publishing it.

But I just think it's always important to declare conflicts of interest. We've seen this, though, play out in other studies with other nuts or other snack substitutes. So it's not unique just to almonds. It's a great illustrator of how changing our snacks can improve our health.

But I just think it's always important to declare conflicts of interest. We've seen this, though, play out in other studies with other nuts or other snack substitutes. So it's not unique just to almonds. It's a great illustrator of how changing our snacks can improve our health.

So I wouldn't say that you've made one bad snack choice and that's it. Your day's over, damn it, you know, you're stuffed. I think that you highlight an important point though that what we choose as a meal does have knock-on effects on what might happen later in the day. So for example, if you have a really refined carbohydrate breakfast or snack, then you're more likely to have a blood sugar dip

So I wouldn't say that you've made one bad snack choice and that's it. Your day's over, damn it, you know, you're stuffed. I think that you highlight an important point though that what we choose as a meal does have knock-on effects on what might happen later in the day. So for example, if you have a really refined carbohydrate breakfast or snack, then you're more likely to have a blood sugar dip

which we know from our research is more likely to make you more hungry, eat more calories, have lower mood, have lower energy and be less alert. But I think, you know, snacking can be used to our advantage. Snacking can be used to our advantage because we know it accounts for such a huge proportion of our energy intake.

which we know from our research is more likely to make you more hungry, eat more calories, have lower mood, have lower energy and be less alert. But I think, you know, snacking can be used to our advantage. Snacking can be used to our advantage because we know it accounts for such a huge proportion of our energy intake.

Because we know on average that, you know, 70, 75% of the snacks that we do commonly eat in the UK and the US are not healthful snacks. And because we know that actually just transitioning from those to healthy snacks can have a big impact. But I think it's really important to be thinking about not just the type of snacks you're having, but the time of day that you're having the snacks.

Because we know on average that, you know, 70, 75% of the snacks that we do commonly eat in the UK and the US are not healthful snacks. And because we know that actually just transitioning from those to healthy snacks can have a big impact. But I think it's really important to be thinking about not just the type of snacks you're having, but the time of day that you're having the snacks.

And we published some research recently where we looked in a thousand individuals at people's snacking habits, because it's not actually been looked at much. I mean, you'd think everyone snacks. You'd think there'd be loads of science out there about snacking.

And we published some research recently where we looked in a thousand individuals at people's snacking habits, because it's not actually been looked at much. I mean, you'd think everyone snacks. You'd think there'd be loads of science out there about snacking.